Study On Conjunctions In XinJiaoYuanKanZaJuSanShiZhong

XinJiaoYuanKanZaJuSanShiZhong is of great value for the study of Chinese in Yuan Dynasty.Because its age is comparatively exact. Its spoken language degree is comparatively high. Its edition is comparatively reliable. And it reflects the language appearance which is comparatively all-round in Yuan Dynasty.The methods of the study in the article include the statistics, the exhausted description , the historical comparision and so on.We divide the 88 conjunctions altogether in XinJiaoYuanKanZaJuSanShiZhong into two parts, the conjunctions consist of the union word and consist of substantive word and its modifier, which are based on the significance standard. Again further, we subdivide the conjunctions for ten minor sorts, such as the coordinate conjunction, continues the conjunction, progressives conjunction, alternative conjunction, supposition conjunction, concessions conjunction, condition conjunction, causes and effects conjunction, transition conjunction, purpose conjunction. We carry on the statistics and the exhausted description to the frequency of use and the grammatical functions of each kind of the conjunctions. And we reveal the total appearance of the conjunctions quite comprehensive.The characteristics of the conjunctions in XinJiaoYuanKanZaJuSanShiZhong have been described and induct in this article. As for the syllable structure, the monosyllable note conjunctions are 35, count 478 examples. Double syllable conjunctions are 46, count 227 examples. Three syllables conjunctions are 7, count 41 examples. Therefore, the number of the double syllable conjunctions occupy the superiority while the examples of the monosyllable note conjunctions occupy the superiority. As for the use way, the conjunctions which only can be used independent are 70, only can be used in pairs are 4, can be used in both way are 14. Therefore, the conjunctions which only can be used independent are most, and the superiority is absolutely. As for the connection language unit, the counjunctions which connect words or phrases are 7, connect the clauses or sentences are 60, connect the both are 21. Obviously, the conjunctions which only can connect the clauses or the sentences are most. As for the syntax position, the counjunctions that can connect the clauses or sentences which have the subject are 56, counts 248 examples. In these conjunctions, the conjunctions only use before the subject are 35, only use after the subject are 9. Other 12 conjunctions both may use before the subject and after it. As for the word-formation way, the important word-formation way of the double syllable conjunctions in XinJiaoYuanKanZaJuSanShiZhong are the coordinative way , the accessional way and the concretionary way.This article also takes case study on two groups of conjunctions, such as"Yincishang(因此上),Yicishang(以此上)","Tanghuo(倘或),Tanghuojian(倘或间)". We inspects their origin and the rule of the evolution from the historical angle.