A Research Into The Executive Power Of Roosevelt Period (1932-1941)

Franklin Roosevelt is an important president in U.S. history. From 1932 to 1941, he flexed his muscles in the development and implementation of "New Deal." Roosevelt is an important president, this is a special period, and the executive power is important in the Separation of Powers, so a research into the executive power of the president during this period is meaningful.For a better research into Roosevelt's Presidential executive power, the author starts from a general view to outline the meaning and scope of the U.S. President's executive power, the role and status of the executive power in "Separation of Powers," and the development of executive power before the New Deal. It is easy to see the characteristics of the executive power of Roosevelt period by putting it in the whole and in the history for comparison.The biggest feature of the presidential executive power in Roosevel Period is the expansion of it. Administrative reform, the establishment of the president's implementing agencies, the set of more administrative agencies, a significant increase in the number of administrative staff, these are the evidences for the expansion of presidential executive power. Especially after the "Brownlow report," President Roosevelt announced the No.1 and the No.2 reform plans, and the Budget Bureau and the White House Grneral Office became to important assistants to the president, which resulted in the expansion of presidential executive power.In order to deal with the economic crisis, with support from the Congress, president obtained the management power of the national economy, and presidential executive power expanded in both scope and depth. In 1937, the Supreme Court also began to support the New Deal, which is evidence of presidential executive power's expansion. The president even obtained essential legislative power, and the number of presidential veto also increased, which can be seen as the power extension from executive power to legislative power. There are various reasons for expansion of presidential executive power.The expansion of presidential power in Roosevelt Period has both theoretical basis and relevant political system support. The development of social environment provided the drive, and the economic crisis and the implementation of the New Deal provided the opportunity. With the social development,the limitations of parliament, courts and other things gradually emerged when dealing with problems. This also provided the opportunity to expand presidential executive power. Of course, President Roosevelt himself also contributed to expansion of executive power. Due to the interaction of all these reasons, the Presidential executive power was expanded.The expansion of presidential executive power in Roosevelt Period is an undeniable fact, but it doesn't mean that the expansion of presidential executive power can be limitless forever. We can say that the constitutional principle of Separation of Powers in the United States actually limits the possibility of unlimited executive power. Not only Congress, the Supreme Court, independent administrative institutions, the system of civil servants and so on, all aspects in the expansion of presidential power were restricted. The U.S. two-party political system would also prevent the unlimited expansion of presidential executive power. And these factors are not isolated in limiting the expansion of presidential executive power; they are often interrelated and interacted with each other. Expansion of executive power is not terrible itself, what terrible is the limitless expansion of executive power without supervision. So the power to limit expansion of executive power is critical.In Roosevelt Period the expansion of the executive power was the historical trend in the United States. Moreover, in fact, the expansion of the executive power is not a single case in history. After Roosevelt, the expansion of executive power has never stopped in the United States. To research the past is to build a better future. Though China and the United States have difference in various aspects, the research into the executive power of Roosevelt period is meaningful for dealing with economic crisis and for the development of administrative power in China.