Charitable Organizations In Jiangxi In The Qing Dynasty

Based on the dynamic and accurate grasp of academic, the use of historical sociology, anthropology, the theory and method of related disciplines to charitable organizations, for the study of Qing dynasty, the systematic development of Jiangxi charitable organization, building, budget, management, operation mode and the basic characteristics of Qing dynasty in Jiangxi province, and then discusses the local society, people and the relationship between countries. This paper is divided into three parts:The first part investigates the Qing dynasty Jiangxi official charity organizations'development evolution, analyzes theirs operation and management, and that the opium war in 1850, namely basic was the rise and decline of the Qing official charity organizations, was turning official charity prosperity, affected by various factors and impact official charity tends to decline.The second part discusses the rapid rise of folk charitable organization and management type, number, the paper probes into the main characteristics of the non-governmental charity organization and flourishing reasons. After Qianjia, the folk charitable organization, mainly quickly developed the specialized good society and comprehensive good society two categories, can according to the functions of the different classes, infant-raising into relief, infant-raising, revision, relief of buried and cherishing words four kinds, while the latter was the mixture, different names; and had a lot of number, all types and standardized management, and deeply influence of Jiangzhe area charitable conception; etc. These folk charitable organizations for reconstruction and maintaining social order played an important role in the face of western philosophy, but under the impact of traditional charity showed obvious limitations.The third part focuses on a particular charitable organization - clear hall, through a case study, the analysis of the clear halls'quantity, management, the basic features and social functions and effects in Jiangxi Qing dynasty etc. This paper thinks that Jiangxi had four clean halls, the earliest on founded in 1872, on management was officer mastering, unlike private Suzhou clean halls as completely private manage, hall, but not directly involved in the Qing government affairs in the quarter, compared with other charities, clean halls'management were adopted in the rank, chastity, virtus widow, the orphaned and old women, played a good social function.Finally, on view of charitable organizations, through the systematic official and non-governmental charity organization building, type, quantity, management and sources of funds, and specific content and cause of Qing dynasty, this paper discusses the evolution of Jiangxi charitable organization, and discusses the social and public places of Qing dynasty in Jiangxi province and the relationship between countries. The paper thinks the relation between Qing dynasty and the state power of Jiangxi local society was a kind of interdependence, mutual penetration and the complicated relationship, collision. The national power to local society stretches of the space was limited, the folk society remained relatively independent space under the influence of the gentry, still had certain autonomous capability.