A Comparative Study Of Historical Thought About Two "Han Ji"

From the end of the Han Dynasty to the Wei, Jin and South-North Dynasties, science of history had been an independent subject, and the number of history books had been increasing, history records were in a great variety styles, and the annalistic style has been revived. The changes of history records style reflect the changes of conception of history. It is best for the rule of feudalism that both of the style of chronicle and the style of biography were used. However, in the large amounts of annalistic books, only two of them remain: the "Han Ji" and "Hou Han Ji ". At that time, there were lots of history thought. The relationship between God and people was discussed again, and the consciousness of people was enhanced. Metaphysics, Confucianism, and Buddhism were merged. On the one hand, the Hyeonpung penetrate through historians and history records, on the other hand, most times historians used Confucian theory to explain changes of history, to think about the way of history. The two books are comparable whit each other in history thought.The "Han Ji", written by Xun Yue , the thought of this book still fluctuates between God and people, because Xun Yue was influenced by the fatalism of history in "Han Shu". On the contrary, the "Hou Han Ji" ,written by Yuan Hong, the thought of this book discusses the relationship between natural and Mingjiao, and the author thought that people have much effect on history.We can know that the two authors are both good at analyze history problems with the history process from more than 90 critiques in the two books. However, Xun Yue believe that the historical phenomenon circulate as natural phenomenon do, and he raised the theory of "WuDeShiZhong" and the "SanTongSanZheng", which are indivisible with the orthodoxy in 'Han Ji'. Yuan Hong recognized that it is some deep-rooted reasons other than mechanical power that caused the alternation of dynasty.Impacted by the age,the authors have different but connected academic thought. Xun Yue is essentially a Confucian scholars, he believed that the Confucian moral virtue or Mingjiao education was absolutely correct, but because of changes in current affairs, Xun Yue is also concerned about law and morality to adapt to changes in governance, thinking. In the foreword of "Hou Han Ji" ,Yuan Hong made a historical overview of the history records before. That can be seen as a prerequisite of his history idea.He approved the differences in academic, and "Tao ben ru yong" can be seen as a reflection of his academic tolerance."Han Ji" expounded that obey the saints and classic theory is the way to study and practice the important thought of the traditional Confucian. Most of the 38 historical critiques are quoted from classical works and views of saints."Han Ji", "Li dian you wu zhi", the last two the idea of writing are "recording the meritorious" and "commending elite", so that they will be more prominent, and set good examples for rulers. Yuan Hong in "Hou Han Ji" clearly explained the task of the history books "Benedict pass past and believe Mingjiao", The purpose is "Institution under the Yi Religion, and to develop Kingcraft" .In the "Han Ji", from the style and more than 50 historical critiques, we can see he fulfilled his promise. Yuan Hong stressed that the King should "involved himself, who took their ground", set an example, the pioneering task, the concept of diocesan services for the benevolent government. Although many of these standards has also joined the metaphysics of the composition characteristics of the times, but its main thrust is inherited from the traditional Confucian thought.Xun, Yuan two historians expressed or elucidate their own ideas and views on history, showed the history idea that the regime of Han nationality is orthodox, and expressed their respective views on the relationship between Han nationality and other peoples.The attitude towards "Yi di" was relatively tolerant in "Han Ji", and the attitude towards "Rong di"was unclear. The change of attitude reflects the change of the relationship between Han nationality and minority peoples. In "Han Ji", the concept of "li dian you wu zhi" and in "Hou Han Ji" the way taking "Mingjiao" as a weapon to express the thought of Confucian classic and practical use, they are both the implementation in historiography.In the Historiography,"Han Ji" and "Hou Han Ji" have a significant impact on "Zi Zhi Tong Jian", and have an irreplaceable important role to play in the chronological history development. The history thought of the two books affected the latter thought. First of all, the "Example" history idea is established as the main tenet of historiography. Secondly, awareness of the inspiration summary of the history and historical criticism were improved. Thirdly,the two books are helpful to make history specialized and independent.