A Study On Intellectuals' Ideological Reform Movement In Shandong University

The intellectuals' ideological reform movement was a momentous event in the ideological and the culture field in the early period of the P.R.C. It origins in higher education, then launches comprehensively in the literary and art circles, the scientific circles, all kinds of intellectuals were involved in movement successively. It has made profound influence in the earliest and deepest movement which occurred among the college intellectuals .Having the important historical event of ideological sphere in the early years of the new China in mind, the article introduces its historical background, elaborates its process, analyzes its criticism of bourgeois ideology, explores psychological changes of the intellectuals in the process of ideological reform movement, and makes every effort to give the objective rational appraisal.Like other movements, in early years of the new China, the intellectuals ideological reform movement in Shandong University also occurred under many combined factors. It has complex and profound time background, and relates closely with Shandong University own factors. From the objective aspect, this movement occurs at the early years of the new China in which the time subject of war and revolution was continuing, it carries on under a series of movement impetus like politics study, the land reform movement, resist America aid Korea, the suppress counter revolutionaries movement, is the product that social big transformation led to the specific historical environment; From the subjective aspect, National Institute of Shandong University and the University of East China's revolution merger to input the fresh blood for the development of Shandong University at that time, the political enthusiasm and positive participation which is hold by the majority of young students, the ideological condition of teachers who live and work in the old society for long time, which are Shandong University has become a reform movement launched by intellectuals ideology of subjective factors.The intellectuals ideological reform movement in Shandong University went through the process of developing step by step to the high tide. The movement lasted for one year, and it could be divided into four phases: mobilization, criticism and self-criticism, three Antis and conclusion. This movement named ideological reform, mainly focused on the criticism on the old idea, utilizing the criticism and self-criticism way, the old feudal and bourgeois idea were criticized which contained intellectual's America worship, the pro-US thought, and purely technical viewpoint, individual desire for fame and fortune, the dogmatism with separation of theory and practice and so on. In ideological reform process, because the reality of the environment, Shandong University faced with a difficult choice at the psychological aspects of the teachers, their psychological state changed obviously. They took "camp peach picking" mentality, and actively with the new regime of intellectuals reform of policy, taking the initiative to transform thought, to cater to the new society, at the early date of the reform, in order to keep up with the pace of social progress. However, some crude procedure, has injured their self-respect and frustrated their self-confidence, they feel that they are valueless, everything is careful, has gradually created the psychology of protecting themselves and dealing with everything negatively in the reform movement.Through the ideological reform movement, the majority of teachers have enhanced the sense of ownership, has been changed the position from the bourgeoisie, the petty bourgeoisie to the working class and the proletariat. It directly impelled the adjustment of Shandong University faculties and teaching reform, promoted the academic development and the literature and history growing perceptibly. However, during the process of the reform, some self-respect teachers are extremely difficult to accept and adapt, inevitably, the movement had a negative influence on the college in intellectuals personality, psychology and so on. It is no doubt that we can sum up experience and lessons to understand and implement the party's policy toward intellectuals correctly since the Third Plenary Session, and Comprehensively promoting the construction of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics, and getting some academic values and practical significances by reviewing the complicated course of the intellectuals ideological reform movement in Shandong University in early years of the new China.