Research On The Transformation Of Shandong Lu Opera In The 1950s

In the early days of the founding of the People’s Republic of China,as an art form that the masses like to hear,the opera became a important carrier to promote new policies,establish a new image and guide the education of the people.But at that time there were many problems in the field of opera,such as the chaotic repertoire of performances,there were many feudal systems in the opera club,the old artists were backward in thinking,and the political qualities of the opera needed to be improved,so they could not meet the needs of the new political and cultural construction of the regime.In 1951,the Shandong provincial government implemented the specific requirements in the "Instructions of the Chinese Academy of Government on the Reform of Traditional Opera"(The "Five Five Instructions")and began to transform the local opera in Shandong.The transformation of opera was carried out from three aspects: "reform people,reform opera,and reform system" :The first one was that Shandong Province held training classes for opera workers,to strengthen the ideological and political education of entertainers;The second was that the government conducted a comprehensive survey of the repertoire of local operas in Shandong,and excavated,organized and adapted the traditional repertoire of local operas in Shandong.At the same time,a series of newly-edited historical dramas and modern dramas were compiled based on the materials of historical classics and classical novels.The third was the transformation of private theater companies into public theater companies.State-owned theater companies were the main force of the theater business.During this period,as a representative of the transformation of local operas in Shandong,Lu Opera realized the transformation from Makeup Dulcimer to Lu Opera,ushering in a new life.Before the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the Opera Troupe was once torn down.With the rapid advancement of the "reform system",state-owned theater companies such as Jinan Lusheng Lu Theater and Lu Theater of Shandong Province had been established.The number and distribution of Lu Opera troupes were far ahead of local dramas in Shandong Province.The outstanding old Lu Opera artists felt the respect andcare of the government in the implementation of the "reform people" policy,participating in artist training classes actively to enhance personal political literacy;Compiled and performed new plays,closely cooperated with various political activities at the beginning of the founding of the People’s Republic of China,and promoted new policies.With the implementation of the government’s policy of "reform drama",the excellent modern dramas of Lu Opera represented by "Li Ersao Remarry" made Lu Opera famous throughout the country.Meanwhile,traditional repertoires such as "Wang Dingbao Jie Dang" and "Xiao Gu Xian" also won unanimous praise from the audience.The transformation of Lu Opera was a great success.It cannot be ignored that there were still many problems in the process of Lu Opera’s transformation:First of all,during the process of "reform system",the requirements for the old troupes were more stringent,and some troupes disappeared because their own conditions did not meet the requirements;At the same time,there was an average thought of despising excellent actors in the reform,and paid too much emphasis on egalitarianism in salary treatment,which has dampened the enthusiasm of many excellent actors.there was an average thought of despising good actors.Secondly,in the process of implementing the "reform people" policy,there was an impetuous style of coping and perfunctory.The local government did not recommend backbone artists strictly according to the standards when selecting students for the recommended artists training class;In addition,some government departments had opened art symposiums to sing hymn-style symposiums and put them into formality.In the end,the implementation of the "reform opera" policy was not effective.The reform cadres had blind problems in the process of reviewing the drama,the standards of banned dramas were different,and the execution was arbitrary,forming a confrontation between the masses and the cadres;Local governments were perfunctory to higher-level departments,and they were clumsy in adapting repertoires to attract the crowd;On the other hand,the political nature of the show is obvious.The opera repertoire did not consider the artistic level,whether the audience accepted it or not,how the box office was,everything was done around administrative instructions.Taking political propaganda as the starting point for the arrangement of dramas,the artistic aesthetics and public entertainment functions ofdramas gradually faded.In addition.in the process of Lu opera’s transformation,some cadres blindly exaggerated the achievements of the drama reform work,which made the government unable to listen to the real demands of artists and audiences,and it was impossible to accurately judge and predict the transformation.