The Comparison Of The Idea Of Uncertain Life Between The Tale Of The Heike And The Romance Of The Three Kingdoms

"Romance of the Three Kingdoms"and"The Tale of the Heike"are both great work that play important roles in Chinese and Japanese history of literature, respectively. They are similar not only in their historical backgrounds, style and structure, process and other aspects, but also in that they both show a profound thinking of Buddhism. In this paper, we will illustrate the impact of the idea of uncertain life to the Japanese as well as Chinese literature, through a comparison of the two works, especially a comparative analysis for the uncertainty inherent in the Buddhist concept, and further demonstrate how the idea of uncertain life is absorbed, integrated, and processed in Japanese literature.This paper can be divided into three parts.The first part of the paper reveals the embodiment of the idea of uncertain life in the context of Chinese and Japanese literature. Buddhism was introduced to Japan in the middle of the sixth century through the Korean Peninsula. It was combined with the original Japanese Shinto, and formed a special characteristic of Japan. The procedure of absorption, adaptation, and integration of Buddhism in Japan is closely related to its social reality. This can be found in many Japanese literature works, especially the idea of uncertain life. Many representative works, such as"Irohanihoheto","The Tale of Genji","The Tale of the Heike","An Account of My Hut", and"Tsurezuregusa"can be found that embodied the idea of uncertain life.In China, before Buddhism was introduced, the idea of uncertain life was already seen in many books, such as"Chu Chi"and"the Nineteen Ancient Poetry". Later, in the poetries of Tang and Song,"Romance of the Three Kingdoms"and"A Dream of Red Mansions", the idea of uncertain life was also reflected.The second part of this paper compares"The Tale of the Heike"and"Romance of the Three Kingdoms"from their historical backgrounds, style and structure, formation process and etc.Although these two books show no relevance in their contents, and they were written in distinct times, almost a century's difference, but the two works are based on the national wealth among the most experienced in the history of changes, not merely a product of fiction."Romance of the Three Kingdoms"is the description of the history from the Han dynasty, after separation of the three kingdoms of Wei, Shu Wu, till Jin dynasty reunify the world."The Tale of the Heike"is the description of the late Heian Japan to the early Kamakura, samurai Group Genpei between the two wars. They are both historical fictions."Romance of the Three Kingdoms"is a fiction based on war history, while"The Tale of the Heike"is a War Literature based on the rise and fall of the Heike family. They are both literatures about war in essence. In both books, the idea of uncertain life is presented in the very beginning."Romance of the Three Kingdoms"is passed through a long-term private story-telling followed by a speech by folk artists, and finally written down as a book by Luo Guanzhong."The Tale of the Heike"was"oral-art"story, it is told by a blind master with lute as accompaniment. The two works have gone through a transformation process that from oral literature to written literary. The similarity of this process is closely linked to the socio-cultural then.In part three, we compare in detail the similarities and differences in the idea of uncertain life in these two books."The Tale of the Heike's"opening is set on to the rhythm of the verse about"the idea of uncertain life". This tone runs through the entire works. It is based on this"idea of uncertain life", and the description of the war between the two warrior groups, the book describes the Heike family by the prosperity of the tragic fate of doomed. It is also because of"the idea of uncertain life, so that war as the theme of this work, full of sad color. In"The Tale of the Heike", description on the winners as well as the fate of the imperial court itself, the complex intra-group conflicts, etc. reflects the impermanence of everything. This book also focuses on people who embodied the essence of emotion, which is the Buddhist concept of impermanence to trigger the"sad situation". In different social development periods, the impact of Buddhist thinking is different on Japanese. In the case of social stability, the impact of Buddhist thinking focused on the religious spirit of the nation - the idea of this life; in the case of intense social conflicts and restless turbulence, people start accepting things such as Buddhism, uncertain life, karma and etc. Through a process of long-term development, deities gradually combined together, forming a unique cultural spirit of Japan, and gradually improved the"True silence sad and beautiful"concept of Japanese literature and art."Romance of the Three Kingdoms"also contains a lot of Buddhism. People are often warned to conform to the Way of Heaven, not persistent, because all turn out to be fruitless, painful persistent. Zhuge Liang's saying that"Die before our troops win, this often makes heroes full of tears"is such an outcome. Liu Bei's behavior is often the practice of the Buddhist"give and get"concept, which means you can get thing only if you want to give up others. Pang Tong was killed in the"drop-Feng slope"and Wei Yan straying into"Star platform"made Zhuge Liang could not survive longer, as well as the death of Lu Bu, etc. are attributed to the Buddhist karma."The Tale of the Heike", all articles are generous sigh about the idea of"winners will eventually decline". The doomed ending is clear in the very beginning, with a gloomy and grim. But in the description of the course of"decline", without the"sad situation"shown at the beginning, to describe the level to the demise of a family still cherish life, not only the world's passion for the beautiful, but also the courage to die heroic generosity."The Tale of the Heike", influenced by the Buddhist idea of uncertain life, does not emphasize the success too much, and not particularly denounce the failure. However, as a result of the Japanese nation's"complex grief", it often gives the losing side infinite regret and sympathy. And in the"Romance of the Three Kingdoms", the"long time separation will result in uniform, long time uniform will become separation"is a revelation from the"Romance of the Three Kingdoms". It is a kind of"idea of uncertain life". It demonstrated a cycle of concept heaven, even if the volatility will still end together. Thus the heroes in the"Romance of the Three Kingdoms", even when they were on a dead-end road, still have the faith of their own to counter the force. This makes them full of tragic hero spirits.To sum up, the procedure for some kind of ideological or cultural or ethnic to pass on in different countries includes a process of communication, understanding, acceptance, integration and development. The spread of Buddhism, which was born about 2,500 years ago, has also experienced the same process. The spread of Buddhism in different countries or nationalities are often under the nation's cultural and social needs, a certain degree of choice and flexibility, the Buddhist tradition in Japan is one of the cases. Buddhism brought to Japan after the"immortal", the process of integration, and with the"other side"of the religious nature of the localization, so that it has the nature of"this side". The peak of Japanese War Story,"The Tale of the Heike"can be interpreted as the trajectory of Buddhist development in Japan.Chinese and Japanese cultural traditions both have a deep cultural heritage of Buddhism. This cultural tradition is not set in stone, but closely linked with the development of society and in real life. During our cultural inspection, we should consider both traditional and practical situations in order to draw the right conclusions. In this sense, finding a comparative analysis of works in culture literature is very meaningful.