The Multilateral Analysis Of Modern Chinese Word "才~3"

Modern Chinese word"才~3"is used widely in our everyday communication.So far,there are lots of researches of the adverb"才",copare with this,the achievement of"才~3"is less.Based on the Predecessors'study, using the syntactic, semantic and pragmatic knowledge,this article adds the appropriate point .Firstly,this dissertation is defined the"才3"as untypical modal adverd.As the following reasons:一,Syntactic position:"才3"usually lies behind the subject and before the predicate of a sentence .Generally,it can't be used at the end of a sentence or at the pause in the sentence;二,In order to maintain the heritage of Chinese grammar study,we called"modal adverb",not commentary adverb;三,The way of saying untypical modal adverb could explaine that"才"is time adverb ,but not modal adverb in some Grammar Book.Syntactic analysis:The Syntactic analysis is the foundation of this article.一,Firstly,according to Shao Jingmin(1997),the article sorted out the basic sentence style of"才~3": S+才~3+X2.Then seeing about the subject S and item X2.At the same time definituded the function of"才~3":"才~3"is the high-level predicate of a sentence to annotate a proposition.In addition,according to the predecessors'study that the subject of"才"sentences always could leave out, we think that,the subject of"才3"sentences coultn't leave out.二,Then ,the article reviewed the location of"才3"in the sentences.In the sentences,"才3"always lies behind the subject and before predicate.Otherwise ,there are two different instance:When the adverb was used single,"才3"could locate the beignningof a sentence,and this form always appear in the dialog.The subject is hide in the background,actually,"才3"lies behind the subject and before the predicate."才怪"usually locate the end of a sentence.But why"才3"is not flexible in the sentences?That needes a further research.三,The article provides a brief distribution of the"才3"in the single and complex sentences, and a rough analysis of the causes.四,We reviewed the modal words,that including: "呢","哩","哪","咧".In ordinary circumstances, the use or not of"呢"is random, but leaving out will affect the expression of the sentence.The possible basis is: The prompt of the sentence expression, maybe could use many kinds of methods, for example intonation, modal adverb,modal particle and many kinds of ways may be altogether present, and they will not conflict contradictory.And, in a sentence, the more prompt manner, the tone more full of expression, the more strongly, the more significantly the expression of subjective feelings of the speaker;Attention please:First, when the adverb was used alone, the modal word can not omitted.Second, to emphasize the extent that the modal word can not be omitted,If omitted, it may lead to two results:Either the degree of emphasis on the sentence does not stand up,either change the tone of the original sentence,change emphasize the extent to direct retort.This caused us to think about the function of modal word.五,In the last section,we focused on the"Q才VP"that Du Daoliu(2006) proposed.The article added a type of the subject :"的"character structure,it could transforms the predicate ingredient to the noun ingredient,Besides expression intense rebuttal, but also attached the intense disaffection, anger and loathing mood, it has the semantic characteristic may summarize for [+ human] [+negatively [+dirty] and so on.Semantic analysis:一,We think that the central semantic meaning of"才~3"is"emphasis".The previous researches have the suspicion that adding a grammatical meaning to a function word and this grammatical meaning actually is not its.In addition,we reviewed the"才~3"in different circumstance: emphasize the positive,emphasize the denial, contradict directly, emphasize the extent.We also analysis the pragmatic ambiguity of the sentencees that the tradition consider to express extent.二,For certain forms of not use the positive form to express the denial, combining the characteristics of Beijing dialect, then, boils down to this type of phenomenon: language urgency.Unified LüShuxiang's analysis, this article make the brief double level significance analysis to the"才"sentences .Pragmatic analysis:According to Zhang Yisheng(2000),modal adverb have the funtion of standing out the focus,pointing out the preinstall,limiting the claim.We reviewed these pragmatic function one bye one in these sentences,when"才"was not emphasized,"才"could stand out the focus of the topic.When"才"was emphasized, "才"could stand out the topic."才~3"could point out the Preinstall and deny the Preinstall,The sentences express the speaker's denial thought out deny the Preinstall。Actually,this is a kind of pragmatic negative. Zhang Yisheng (2000)point out that commentary adverb have the funtion of limiting claim.Because of the appearance of the commentary adverb,the claim of the noun subject was limited. And the noun subject is usually has refers to,decides refers to.Based on this ,we added that the subject could also be not refers to,refers to not surely.