A Study On Techniques And Pattern Of Longevity Embroideries Of Han Dynasty

Succeeding to great achievements previously conducted, embroideries of Han Dynasty reach the peak in the history of Chinese embroideries. Longevity embroideries, whose patterns of formation & presentation capture the spirit of Chinese culture, is one significant type among embroideries of Han Dynasty. The quantity of the unearthed longevity embroideries items has been low ever since the founds from the MAWANGDUI Han Tomb were achieved in 1970, consequently less attention was given to the relevant research. A great number of longevity embroideries items have been unearthed at Jiangsu, Shandong, which has brought necessary conditions to the systematic research on longevity embroideries. In reference to some of the unearthed items from Han Tomb at HaiQu, Shandong, combining other similar items of Han Dynasty, this paper conducts a research on techniques and pattern of longevity embroideries of Han Dynasty in terms of techniques and craftsmanship.The opening part of the paper analyzes the ancient documents and embroidery items (remaining) of early times and introduces the origins and utilization of ancient embroideries. Much weight is put on the techniques and pattern specifications of embroideries in the period of Warring States, with an intention to introduce the origin and background of Han Dynasty's embroideries.The second part of the paper brings about the social &cultural backgrounds of embroidery development in the period of Han Dynasty. Additionally, a general introduction of basic characteristics, forming mechanism, stitch and development of succession is also provided. The techniques of Han embroidery have reached superior standard and a good variety of textural changes with a few highlighted styles, among which longevity embroideries is one of the most representative with unique characteristics.With unearthed longevity embroideries from Han Tomb at Haiqu as the first-handed materials, combining the unearthed objects from Han Tomb at Yinwan, Donghai county, Jiangsu; Yancheng, Shenjushan, Jiangsu and Mawangdui, Changsha and other spare items, this paper systematically explores the techniques and patterns of longevity embroideries of Han Dynasty.First of all, the paper generalizes all the historical relics of longevity embroideries to conduct the basic elements for further analysis and research. Tech research puts the emphasis on stitch, raw materials and forming specifications of products; meanwhile, pattern research consists of the following parts: pattern elements, organizing methods, implied meanings and presentation of subjects. Much attention is also directed to the stitch and patterns of longevity embroideries unearthed from Han Tomb at Haiqu, Rizhao, Shandong and comparisons with other related objects. In addition, the paper also provides an outlook for succession and evolution of longevity embroideries in respects of techniques and patterns.