Studay Of The Fue Trade Of Northern America

The thesis has made systemic studies on the Northern American fur trade from 16 century to 19 century, and it is consisted of the exordium and four chapters of the main body.The exordium summarizes the history and present study of the thesis, also including the creatives,and gives explanation for the materials which referred in the thesis .The main body includes three of the following parts:The first chapter summarizes the status of the fur trades in Northern American before the 18th century .The Europeans who discovered the Northern American island. Later, the merchants and the riskers who from France, England ,Holland and Span arrived in the Northern American island to seek for the gold and the silver one by one.Accidently, they discovered a great deal of fur in the forest in the Northern American island. It was in the late of the Middle Ages that the fur clothes and dresses were very popular in the Europe. Plenty of the fur were needed. Therefore, the European merchants began to transport the fur to the Europe and they got large profits.Bofore the 18th century, the scale of the trade was very small, and it was made up of the scattered merchants. The people who from France, Holland, Spain and British all participated in this activity. The French who engaged earlier and dominated the market at that time.The second Chapter summarizes the fur trade between the France, England, and Russia. With the development of trade activity, the large-scale trade activity also became popular.The small scale activity became organizational after the 18th century. The France dominated the market in the first half of the 18th century. However, with the increasing strength of the British, it stepped up its colonial expansion, and became the protagonist who took place of the France. The Russia entered America from the north to deal with the fur business with the American people. However, Russia only dealt with the trade with the Asia. To sum up, with the development of the activity, some of the large countries engaged in the trade, at the same time, their conflicts and contradictions between each other could be the part of the fur trade.The third Chapter focuses on American fur trade. After its independence, in order to seek for the enormous profits, the United States also took part in these commercial activities. Fur trader—Astor began to operate and established the American fur trade company by the support of the Government and flexible adaptability to the market. Therefore, the United States enabled to develop and strengthened its fur trade, and it made enormous contributions to the American economy and border development.The fourth Chapter summarizes the characteristics and influences of the large-scale business activity in the fur trade. Cooperation with the Indian was very necessary for the North America fur trade to accomplish successfully. Therefore, cooperation and dependence on the Indian were the obvious characteristics of the North America fur trade. However, this commercial activity not only played an important part in developing the North America, but also resulted in seriously unbalance for the environment because of the large-scale hunting. So we can't neglect the damage for the environment during the whole fur trade.