Research On The Flood Of Shandong Yishu River Basin During Qing Dynasty

Located in the southeast of Shandong province, Yishu river basin had been induced rich products, history and culture. However, the frequent flood disasters become one of the most important problems to perplex the Local Area since Ming and Qing Dynasty. There were 55 flood disasters with the historical record in this area during the 276 years of the Qing Dynasty and the probability of bigger flood was 5-year frequency. There were differences between the flood distribution time and the probability because of various climate changes, Social and Geography Environments.The internal mechanism of disaster has profound historical origin. From the basal status and historical changes of water environmental factors in Yishu river basin, effects of climate environment and hydrological Environment, and human factor to the destruction of ecosystem, three aspects were studied thoroughly. Some results were got as follows: Firstly, the basal status and historical changes of water environmental factors in Yi Shu basin was the basis of the flood occurring in this area. Secondly, it was possible because of the effects of climate environment and hydrological Environment. Thirdly, human factor to the destruction of ecosystem was one of the important inducing factors in the local frequent flood.The frequent flood disaster in Yishu river basin has overall and profound influence on the aspects of social development to the Local Area. Firstly, the local people experienced the hardship of flood. Secondly, it hindered the long-term development of the local agriculture production. Thirdly, it caused the sociopolitical Instability of local area. The last but not least, it also influenced the safety and social stability of the downstream region. Its influence already gets deeply to every aspect of social development, having influence on the whole level of local social development, and it is the main obstacles for economic development of Southeast in Shandong province compared with other area in Shandong.Under the relatively complete Providing Relief of Disasters system in the Qing Dynasty, the central government took a series of measures to provide disaster relief, and the local government also led local people seriously to do. So, the disaster relief practices were active and effective propaganda works in shan dong Yi shu basin in early Qing Dynasty. Along with the politics moving toward corruption, the practices become more and more disability in the late Qing Dynasty. The local water undertaking was in degradation under the protecting water transporation policy of the central government.