55 Groups Of Chinese Characters' Usage In Ming And Qing Dynasty's Pai-hua, Vernacular Chinese

Ming and Qing Dynasty's Pai-hua ,vernacular Chinese stands for the highest achievement of the Pai-hua ,vernacular Chinese .It has great values on the research of literature, language, folk-custom, culture, and the other studies about Ming and Qing dynasty. Owning to its characteristics: a long time from now; folk form of the characters and the language; the changeability of the characters'usage; scholars pay little attention to it . These bring two phenomena in our language studies ,in one hand ,when we read the collative books which are tidied according to its copies, We can find out many mistakes on the usage of the characters, in the other hand ,in the dictionaries , the mistakes of the usage of the characters also exists. To some extent, they cover the original condition of the Chinese characters'usage and the Pai-hua ,vernacular Chinese .In this commentary, the author collecte 15 Pai-hua, vernacular Chinese as copies which are all from GU BEN XIAO SHUO CONG KAN and GU BEN XIAO SHUO JI CHENG and are all rare edition. We compare the copies with the collative books which are the books collated according to the copies, find out the differences of the characters'usage between them, summarize the regular patterns of the Chinese characters'usage in Pai-hua ,vernacular Chinese, and point out the mistakes in the dictionaries which exist because people do not familiar with the characters'usage in Pai-hua, vernacular Chinese. We also count the frequency of several characters in Pai-hua, vernacular Chinese. The author expects readers will have a comprehensive knowledge on the usage of the Chinese characters in Pai-hua, vernacular Chinese , and improve researches and applications about Ming and Qing dynasty.The framework of this article is as follows: Chapter1:Foreword ,simply introduce the basic characteristics of the Pai-hua, vernacular Chinese, present condition of scholars research ,the research method of this article, and the EXPLAINTION of the rare edition.Chapter2 : Point out the weaknesses of some dictionaries and the EXPLAINATION in the second book of GU DAI HAN YU.Chapter3:Find out the shortage in the collative books ,conclude the types of the usage mistakes , give some examples of the mistakes .