Study On The Poetical Style Of The Four Souls Of YongJia And FangHui's Criticism

The Four Souls of Yongjia was an important poetical school that was very popular in the late Southern Song Dynasty. She referred to four poets that were born in YongJia city,ZheJiang province Their names were Xu zhao,Xu ji,Weng Juan and Zhao Shixiu. Although the Four Souls of Yongjia haven't made great achievements in poems ,they had a strong influence on people of that time.The individualist stytle of the Four Souls of Yongjia was the target of criticism for critics and poems from their appear.This thesis, basing the development of the poems of Song Dynasty, integrating their characteristics of the Poetical Style,the reasons of the individualist stytle,their influence and FangHui's criticism,discusses four aspects for their poems .The first part is about the characteristics of the Poetical Style of the Four Souls of Yongjia which includes four aspects. Firstly,their landscape poems straightly inherited the quiet and light interst of T ' ang era landscape poems . Whistling wind and moon , lovemaking lake and mountain .So they were criticed by many people.Secondly, the Poetical Style of the Four Souls of Yongjia was originally designated to four—lines—seven—characters verses andeight—lines—and—five—characters verses.Thirdly,their writing skill emulated late Tang's poems.Finally is about the taste sentiment of the Four Souls of Yongjia.Their sensibility was very frank . At the tongue , they excessively pursued the project of versus.The second part is the cause of formation for their poem's style mostly include three aspect .Firstly,they were critical of poetics for the bachelors of science and they wanted to correct the Jiang Xi's disadvantages .On the other hand,they emulated late Tang's poems. Secondly, As a result of society circumstance civil mentality and individual factors , their poems were short of enough affection , broad and unclouded mind .Thirdly, The Four Souls of Yongjia had much personal contact with monks and hermits and admired their lifestytles very much. The third part is about the influence of The Four Souls of Yongjia.They had many epigones and influenced the Jianghu poetry school.The reasons included two aspects ,one was objective and the other was subjective.The fourth part is the criticism of FangHui.He discussed many poems of the Four Souls of Yongjia in his famous books named YingKuiLvsui.From this book, we can know both of the characteristics of the Poetical Style of the Four Souls and FangHui's viewpoints in poems.In a word, the Four Souls of Yongjia haven't made great achievements in poems ,and people had diverse opinions toward their poems,but as a part of the poems of Song Dynasty,their achievements haven't been denied.They converts the convention of poetry prevailing in late South Song Dynasty,the JiangXi poetry school was declining and the Jianghu poetry school was rising.