Rumor And The Influences On Society Of Qing Dynasty

After Qing Dynasty establishes, in order to maintain its feudal rule, stemming from to the political propaganda need, in the control social news and the opinion thought dissemination aspect, it has achieved feudal society's crest. Through in the thought the centralized management, the suppressed folk dissemination as well as the severe opinion control and the obscurantist policy enables the general populace to grasp the massive effective dissemination tool, also to disseminates the tool understanding only to pause in the experience level. But this kind by oral, unofficial, unofficial dissemination way -rumor, then by majority of populace's effective use. This article through (in 1768) related "cut the pigtail" to the QianLong 29 years in the society, "the printing" the rumor and in fine celebrates 18 years (in 1813) related "the paper with deities on it paper person", "confused the medicine" and GuangXu two (in 1876)"cuts the pigtail", "the witchcraft" and so on a series of rumors collection and the reorganization to it from several aspects carries on the induction and the summary. Firstly, first on the Qian Long time rumor production, the dissemination and the current dynasty government treated the rumor the manner, the response and the measure performed to elaborate, the Qian Long time rumor embryonic form, emperor and the place official treated the rumor the manner and the processing measure and the rumor the change which produced in the spreading process took three main points carrying on the summary, through out the political relation, the social background, current dynasty the government culture despotic under rumor dissemination carried on the analysis, prominently manifested the QianLong time monarchial power to strengthen the extreme, the imperial authority supreme political scene. Secondly, according to the time order, fine celebrates the time rumor production, the dissemination and the current dynasty government after the Qian Long time treated the rumor the manner and the measure performed to elaborate, fine celebrated the time to cut the pigtail rumor, which had the rumor compared to the Qian Long time the impulse which produces to the current dynasty government in a big way, affects scope more widespread, but the current dynasty government actually has not certainly liked Qian Long time such in the control method and the measure severely, which was despotic, through to fine celebrates the time rumor dissemination scope expansion, the rumor content unceasingly renewed and so on the characteristic research, after the union current dynasty the government treated the rumor dissemination, the change political performance performed to analyze, Causing us not to be able but to obtain finely after had celebrated the time the current dynasty government regarding the public opinion control, the despotic control drop conclusion, simultaneously also was the imperial authority weakens most greatly manifests. Thirdly, mainly rests on literature record and so on official slip of wood, local chronicle, evolves the society to above rumor formation which was the process, the rumor created to affect and to induce the rumor production the historical root and the realistic factor made a discussion. Fourthly, unified Qian Long, fine celebrated the time and other Qing Dynasty history material carried on the theory analysis to the rumor this special public opinion form. From the rumor the negative and the rumor which produced in the Qing Dynasty society the inherent pattern which displayed in the proliferation and the spread, separately acted the role and the rumor to the rumor disseminator repeatedly appeared after the Qing Dynasty society present situation, this article had all made 11 elaborations. At the same time, the cultural context and the historical background which produced to the Qing Dynasty rumor carried on the analysis, the union at present in the public opinion dissemination study regarding the rumor this public opinion phenomenon researched present situation, the discussion rumor created the chaotic main reason regarding the public opinion guidance influence and to the Qing Dynasty rumor in the Qing Dynasty society to the political relation and the social was order to carry on the summary. The conclusion, affected by Qing Dynasty rumor dissemination looked that, its prosperous has been also good, it declined, but the rumor exposed many questions actually extremely to be worth us thinking deeply: Firstly, the economical deterioration, the livelihood of the people moved, so-called "TongZhi resurgence", also only was the officials and gentry level subjective desire and diligently the goal, the actual situation actually was "the country uses still, wound of the folk , if like trading of the Shanghai, also had declines the potential." Secondly, social order chaotic, massive transient populations existence, seriously it was threatening society's stability, the official social organization mostly person all dead letter, can't effective implement the supervising and managing function to the place society, therefore only then can appear the populace voluntarily militia, examining pedestrian's phenomenon. Thirdly, the place official worn out dereliction, presented a chapter of management, accomplishes nothing, this kind of attitude once received Jiangsu governor Ding Richang in the Qian Long year severely to reprove, but arriving at Emperor Jia Qing it was still unchanged, even was intense, but this was precisely the rumor that can rapidly spread in the initial period as well as the officials and people related one of tense reasons. Forms the sharp comparison with this was, the place gentry standpoint was clear about, the manner was positive, which was undertaking the more and more important role in the place thing. Fourthly, receiving the unprecedented challenge based on Confucianism theory establishment social ethics and the moral order, therefore in should be panic to the rumor time, some people proposed the means were: "Respects the world, the loyal king, the filial piety parents, on the elders and superiors, with husbands and wives, friend brothers, righteousness friend, rescues poorly, does not abandon the rice valley, the drowning of new-born babies, the life that was not obscene was not extravagant, was not arrogant , when it spoke the three cardinal guides and the five constant virtues Confucian code, being not listens Side door heretical ways. Could like be, then evil portents He was popular." Through to Qian Long, fine celebrates, the Guang Xu Dynasty rumor reorganization and the induction, may see in the Qing Dynasty rule year, the rumor dissemination content, the type and the way extremely were all rich. The rumor also affected quite deeply, mostly the rumor all evolution to in feudal society's Qing government was a field nationwide character panic, also cancelled the Manchu nationality ruler to sanitize, counter- to be clear and so on the latent threat vigilance. The Qing Dynasty officials were at a loss to the sefabricated rumors and the enemy, because simply has not had the target complex which an organized revolt Manchu nationality rules. But from a start, the Qing government deeply believed such threat existing on Qing Dynasty's length and breadth land, the Chinese culture occupied strongly the status in particular Chiangnan. They whipped the supervision and the severe responsibility his bureaucrat system have not rival's war to launch the motion, and to this exposes shifts responsibility onto others, deceiving with what was lazy greatly for furious. But these regarding to the public opinion were controlled by a function, instead of intensified the society contradictory, which caused the social populace to produce panic, which caused the society to be turbulent. Without a doubt, the Qing Dynasty ruler discovered they depended on rules the political institution like this frailty and the feeble-mindedness, which was the data that was inferior to. Learns from history, this article obtained some to produce to the modern dissemination public opinion with the control enlightenment: In view of the fact that rumor existences characteristic, (for example: Propagation velocity quickly in particular in modern communication developed society; In the spreading process the content can more and more distort and so on),the government should strengthen the anti- crisis the ability. Moreover it needed to establish a set to be supposed to the social crisis system, the ability to be on the one hand, the system guarantee also was on the one hand. For instance said must have set of perfect systems, when a crisis appeared, after first made any to make any, who was responsible for any and the system, but the present also lacked the integrity this kind of setting of systems, resisted the social crisis appearing time because the populace to the matter was not to understand and indefinite produces rumor panic which bring to the people. Moreover, the government should unceasingly absorb teaches and accumulates the processing rumor the measure and the method, usually it should establish the early warning the system, not having to wait till the time which the crisis comes was caught off guard. Finally the government certainly must give the public to know the circumstances of the matter the power, must believe the public, has a basic trust to public's quality, the trust was mutual, the government media trust public, the public also can more and more trust the government and the media, such rumor is also on the soil which has not multiplied.