Research On Women During The Pre-qin And The Qin, Han Dynasties In Qilu Area

Women are rarely recorded in historical books.It means that,on the one hand, woman's social status is very low and they have been ignored by the society for a long time.On the other hand,women,as a social group,don't play an active role on the historical stage.Howener,Being part of human Beings,women still occupy an important place in history.During the Pre-Qin Period an the Qin , Han dynasties,a lot of influential women emerged in Qilu land.Some of them had brilliant abilities,some had moral virtue, some reasonable and eloquent,some learned and clear on matters of principle,some bold and uninhibited in character and rebellious in behavious.Inspried and encouraged by the popular studies of Qilu culture,the author makes a tentative attempt to focus her research on Qilu women. The thesis explores Qilu women in the Pre-Qin Period and the Qin,Han dynasyies from four aspectes:women and politics, women and marital family ethics,women and economy, women and literature , art, the behavior characteristic of women in Qilu area.In the Pre-Qin Period and the Qin,Han dynasties, Qilu women were closely connected with politics.Some of them dared to participate in politics on own initiative, even also could had the significant influence to the political situation.For instance, Jinwen Qijiang, in the Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States,who had the political perspective.Junwanghou had excellent political abilities.Lv Zhi who ruled in the early days of Xihan. During this period,there were some women who dragged into political struggle unwillingly .Their marriage was used by their family to trade for political interests,or themselves fell victims to palace struggle.During the Pre-Qin Period and the Qin,Han dynasties, Qilu women's behavious displayed the feature of disversity,which was influenced by the time and the ethics and customs of Qilu land.Generally speaking,their status was relatively low,and their action in family and society were restricted.But they took advantage of their intelligence and wisdom to improve the situation.In marriage,husband and wife were unequal in status,but a harmonious relationship between them was still what people seek for.Besides,Qilu women in the Pre-Qin Period and the Qin,Han dynasties contribute to the development of economy,literature and art.They were one of the main forces in handicraft industry and engage themselves in the spinning and weaving,and cooking, and picked in the mulberry.Common women also worked together with men on the farm.Affecting by the thought that women were inferior to men,woman's right to received education was constrained.Even so,the field of art still saw some achievements made by women.The stone-carved Picture unearthed in Shangdong includes many pictures of acrobatics performance,which supplemented the literature record insufficiency. These unearthed pictures have reappeared the woman in Qilu area in the artistic aspect scene. The woman in Qilu area was active in the artistic stage, some females were good at dancing, some create poems, play music, women's band also appearde at the time.Qilu women's behavious at the time take on a state of complexity,which is a reflection of the time.Some was influenced by the Confucian,some went against it.The bold and generous character of Qilu women was also expressed by their behavious.In this period,Qi and Lu were different in their ethics and customs.Relatively speaking,in Qi,women were more free more bold and unconstrained,while in Lu,women were more restricted by ethical codes and customs.The area had emerged many renowned mother during this Period.