Talk About Agricultural Policy And Agriculture Of Hubei During The Northern Government Period

Based on precious academic research results, this paper applies qualitative and quantitative analysis to study hubei's agricultural policies and the agriculture during Northern government period. The author tries to use the first-hand documents, such as historical files to study promulgation of Hubei's various agricultural policies in this period. The aim of this paper is to reveal these policies' historical importance and contributions to the development of Hubei's agriculture at that time. The limitations will also be discusssd.Northern government was a special era of warlords in turmoil, war raid. However, under such a situation, Hubei local governments had taken efforts for the development of agriculture and made some achievements in certainand fields. Compared with what happened in the late Qing Dynasty, these achievements were innovations and had some to do with the former forms. Generally speaking, there are two aspeets. First, new things come into the traditional society in the agricultural development of Northern Govemrnent, such as the unification of water conservatory, the training of technical expertise in water conservancy, and the agriculture and other educational institutions. Second, the existent agricultural items underwent new developments and results. For example, the afforestation, sericulture and irrigation, all of them were all subsequent previous undertakings, but the period continues to develop, and the role of the government than in the previous one is more important, for example, the construction of the dike embankment are all led by the government.In addition to this introduction, this paper consists of seven sections. The first three chapters present Northen Government's settlement of the institutions on agricultural problems, improving the agricultural productive techniques from the perspective of agricultural execultives, agricultural test site and the agricultural expos. By analysis of evolution of these institutions, it comes to the effects of these changes related to the agricultural development.The fourth component is focused on the introduction and improvement of cotton, tea, sericulture and a few other varieties of economical crops. Although the promulgation of these policies despite some achievements, and drived the Hubei's agricultural development. But most of them are the continuation of the late Qing Dynasty, and didn't get a comprehensive and in—depth promotion.The fifth and sixth parts make a brief introduction of irrigation and forests which are related to agricultural development. The author presents that the government the late Qing Dynasty had begun to attached importance to the forests, but until the Northern government when the exploration and protection of forest have been listed in the government's plan. However,the flood control has always stay in the traditional stages of containment dikes, and irrigation isn't to be heard.Finally, the author indicates that these improvement measures on agriculture weren't without influence. Can be known, it changed farming in the state, many of the fields of food crops to cotton and the land, hald mountains covered trees. Such changes will undoubtedly also bring agricultural income. But these didn't change the extent to which the Hubei's overall agricultural backwardness. At the same time, in the process of development of Hubei's agriculture, there are a series of issues, such as the lack of capital, backward technology, some officials of corruption, etc. The reason is that the development of agriculture must be supported by a strong need for a strong policy, including technical, production tools, capital and other policy support. And the attention should be led to the introduction of technology, production tools and the associated adaptive. But the Northern Hubei agricultural development wasn't able to solve these problems. The result was that the path of innovation system was decided. but the efficiency of the system was under no control.