The Management To Petty Officials And System Defect In Qing Dynasty (1644-1840)

The petty officials are the personnel who deal with concrete affairs in administration of ancient China. The position of the petty officials is special.they are"the vital point that connect officials to people".Compared with the officials, they have neither official rank nor power, undertaking concrete affairs in the yamun under the officials'instruction.Compared with the people, they are the persons working in the government.The petty officials are the important part of bureaucrat system in ancient China, the petty officials and officials maintain the political operation together in ancient China.The Chinese history develops till Qing Dynasty, the petty officials'function and harms are all have the typical model very much. For strengthenning the management to petty officials,Qing Dynasty draws up a series of regulation and measures.However, Qing Dynasty could not control the petty Officials availably, with the result that Qing Dynasty and the petty officials commonly possess the world.This text investigates the management to petty officials in Qing Dynasty roundly, and analyzes the system defect that the management exist.This text is divided into three parts:The first part carries on the simple introduction to the petty officials in Qing Dynasty, in order to have a total impression to the petty officials in Qing Dynasty. Mainly introduces the petty officials'composing, duty, political and economic treatment, positive effect, harms and negative influences.Then induces the thinker and officials'management thoughts about petty officials at that time.Some of them were put to fulfillment,but some of them were just stay around to thought level, which could not come true at that time.The second part points out the officials who manage the petty officials and their law responsibility first, and elaborates the management measure to the petty officials in Qing Dynasty after.The content includes: Assuming the office of petty officials, promotion of the petty officials, dimission the petty officials, the supervision to petty officials, strengthening the management to the text file,the method of changing shifts of duty and blockading yamun .The third part analyzes the system defect of management to petty officials in Qing Dynasty. First discusses the defect of the petty officials system itself; then puts it into the political structure and points out that the problem of the petty officials is the problem that Qing Dynasty can't resolve in the bureaucrat system. Still thinks that officials' corruption and inefficiency is the hindrance to valid management.