Cultural Mergence And Evolvement In Grottos

From Sixteen Countries to North and South Dynasty, Buddhism culture and art affected Ancient Chinese art greatly. It wrote down the brilliant chapter about the Buddhism art from North and South Dynasty to Sui and Tang Dynasty in Chinese art history. The North Dynasty's grotto art is the brightest folio of this chapter. The grottos in the north China are not isolated. Each one has its own characters, and at the same time has connections with others. Theirs connections are anfractuosities. The important question for discussion is still the inherent connections between grottos in course of the culture and art transmission.On the basis of some scholar's study, from the point of view of history and culture, I compare the statue's style of Maiji Mountain Grotto and Yungang Grotto in Bei Dynasty in virtue of study methods of Philology and Sociology. In the nonage of Beiwei, Yungang Grotto's figure of Buddha joss inherited and developed the statue's style of Maiji Mountain Grotto, which was made in the evening of Sixteen Countries and influenced by Liangzhou Style. When the mature "Yungang Mode" leaded gradually the development of northern grottos in the middle and evening of Beiwei, the way that the Buddhism art transmitted from the west to the east changed its direction from east to the west. The figure of Buddha joss of Maiji Mountain Grotto showed the influence of the center mode in the middle and evening of Beiwei. After Beiwei moved the captial to Luoyang, Longmen Grotto took up the center of Buddhism art, which was built up in the wake of Yungang Grotto. Its Chinese style Buddha statues continued to influence the grottos from the east to the west, including Maiji MountainGrotto and Dunhuang.The reason, why the Buddha statues have comparability in different places and in different time, is not singularity. Buddhist missionized Buddhism in a tour. In order to propagate Buddhism, the famous dignitaries contacted with the governors closely. People were migrated to other places because of the wars or the governors' order. All of these forced the statues style transferred between the two places. No matter how the Buddhism culture and art transmitted, no matter which direction the Buddhism culture and art transmitted on the ground of Ancient China, it was always restricted by Chinese traditional culture. The restriction and unification of Chinese traditional culture was showed as commonness in the grotto art.