On The Development Of The Agricultural Capitalism In The Northeast During The Period Of The Republic Of China (1912-1931)

China has been an Agricultural country since the ancient times. Agriculture is the foundation of the national economy and occupies an important strategic position in national economy. Since The Opium War, China's capitalism hadn't fully developed, and it was especially slow in agriculture. However, it was relatively faster than that before the Opium War. Clarifying the state of the development of the agricultural capitalism in Northeast China during the period of the Republic of China, is of importance to the study of the economic history of the Northeast and China.This article starts with the angles of history and economics on the basis of occupying a large number of full and accurate historical materials, and tries to make objective appraisal on the development of the agricultural capitalism of the Northeast during the period of the Republic of China. The article is made up of three parts:The first part, conditions that the agricultural capitalism of the Northeast developed. There are three conditions: the development of commercialized agriculture, the division of peasants and the appearance of free wage labor and the change of land ownership. The development of commercialized agriculture offered economic condition for the development of agricultural capitalism . The division of peasants and the appearance of free wage labor offered labor force for it. The change of land ownership offered a direct condition .The second part, the three kinds of forms of the agricultural capitalism and the states of their development. Rich peasant economy, managing landlord economy and farming company are the forms of these operations. During the period of the Republic of china, they were developed to some certain level by hiring laborers to make merchandised production and among them the farming companies developed more quickly.The third part, the comprehensive analysis and appraisal on the characteristic, limitation and historical role for the capitalism agriculture .The development appeared the characteristic in different regions and was influenced by semi-colonial and semi-feudal economy .Therefore, it was not pure agricultural capitalism. The development of Northeast agricultural capitalism played certain positive role for the development of social economy and land development in the Northeast.Through the above-mentioned analysis, such a conclusion can be drawn: the agricultural capitalism of Northeast got more development than before during the period of the Republic of china .However, it has the characteristic of the semi-colony and semi-feudalism . The development of agricultural capitalism accelerated the land development in the Northeast, promoted the introducing of modern machinery and the development of modern agriculture in the Northeast.