To Analyze The Quanye Official And The Quanye Personal In Late Qing Period

During the period of late Qing Dynasty, the government had carried out reformation to promote industry. As a result, a official position to charge provincial industry ,which named Quanye Ministry ,had been set up in the capital of every province,and the header of this ministry was Quanye Official. In addition, government had chosen Quanye Personal in the countryside, which involved Quanye substation(going without department, only one Quanye Personal ), in charge of guiding and sponsoring and counting local industrial activities. All of institutions and agriculture, industry, commerce and ministry had constitute the whole administering system, to steer and manage industrial activities from the capital to county and village, which was unparalleled in China before. From then on, following government had adopted this kind of system. Being the organization, the process of instauration to Quanye Official began in July Guangxu 33th (1907)and ended in December Xuantong second(1910). Till Qing Dynasty died out , there wasn't commissioner for Quanye Official in Heilongjiang and Xinjiang Province. The Quanye Official came from imperial examinations. When they gained some political fame, they would be exalted to the rank of Minister through donating some amount of money. Basically, they were familiar with some sorts of affairs in industry. Their underlings, Quanye Ministry 's functionaries, were mostly similar to them, in addition, some of the staffs were graduated from new type schools. Governmentwould hire the graduates, which was also unique in history. As a rule, local squire occupied the position for Quanye Personal, though there had been the current of appoint the graduates in new style schools, the possibility had not turned into practice till the perdition of Qing. The earning of Quanye Official and the functionaries (referring to their normal income)was relatively considerable, so respectable graduates from new style school were willing to take part in the Quanye Ministry. On the other hand, the salary for Quanye Personal was comparatively less. The Quanye Official's affair had related to each aspect of industry, including agriculture , manufacturing , commerce , mining and traffic. They engaged in social charity, initiated site to improve industry, launched education in industry, originated newspaper about industry, held goods exhibitions, administered government affairs, supervised private enterprises, judged business dissension and so on. The Quanye Personal also was in charge of agriculture, manufacturing, commerce and mining, including founding local schools about industry, mending sites, cause in industry, and investigating industry, moreover collecting and producing goods for meets and industry association. The instauration and work of agriculture industry commerce ministry, Quanye Official(including Quanye Ministry) and Quanye Personal(including Quanye Substation)had started new pattern for the management to industry in government , which had promoted the specialty and standardization in administering for industry, and had enhanced the working efficiency. Accordingly that had contributed to the development in industry in late Qing.