Science·Technology·Productive Forces

"Scientific technology is the most important productive forces" is the precise generalization of the development of the productive forces in contemporary social that Deng Xiao-ping had done, according to Historical Materialism. But when the topic is urderstood, there is the usual misunderstanding that is regarding theoretical science as productive forces, so the radical difference between Historical Materialism and Historical idealism is confused. Starting from the standpoint of Historical Materialism, through researching the history of the science and the history of technology, especially the revolution of science and th.3 revolution of technology that had happened since the eighteenth century, the paper analyzes the relationships of technology and productive forces, science and productive forces, science and technology, then considers that science and technology belong to different domains according to Historical Materialism, though the relationship of science and technology is more and more close. Science belongs to social consciousness, not belongs to productive forces, while technology belongs to productive forces directly. So the real meaning of "scientific technology is the most importan; productive forces" is scientific technology is the most important productive forces in modern society.