A Research Of Tongchuan Dialect Of Shanxi Province

Tongchuan city lies in the central part of Shanxi Province. The area of Tongchuan city is 3882 square klilometers, and the population is 78.24 it borders on Baishui. county Pucheng county and Fuping county to the east, Xunyi county Chunhua county and Sanyan county to the west, and Luochuan county Huangling county to the north.. Tongchuan is usually titled "The most import strategic pass, the thoroughfare of Guanzhong Plain".Tongchuan dialect belongs to the Guanzhong sub-dialect of the zhongyuan dialect of the northern Mandarin Chinese.The phonological system of Tongchuan dialect: there are 25 initials including the zero initial, 42 finals and 4 tones in Tongchuan dialect. The sandhi are two types The 42 finals have 14 rhotacized vowels, and these vowels usually show the meaning of little and the feeling of like. Neutral tone appears on the suffixes, auxiliaries, modal particles and reduplicated words. On the base of phonological aranysis, this thesis gives a homophonic table and compares the phonology with Mandarin Chinse and middle ancient Chinse as well, then summarizes its synchronic phonological features and diachronic evolutionary rules.The lexical system of Tongchuan dialect: the thesis records about 2600 words by the form of glossary. According to the standard of meaning and usage category, the glossary of Tongchuan dialect can be divided into 21 kinds. They are, chronometer and geography, season and time, agriculture and its instruments, crop and plant, animal, architecture and appliance, character and appellation, body and organ, illness and medicine, clothing and ornament, food and life, marriage ad funeral, superstition and lawsuit, commerce and craft, culture and amusement, action and mentality, direction and position, person and pronoun, adjective and properties, function word, numeral and measure word.The grammatical system of Tongchuan dialect: the grammatical system of Tongchuan dialect is basically similar to Mandarin Chinese, but it still has some special characters.The thesis researches 10 characters, they are word ending Zi ,place pronounsuffix and word reduplication, imperative word , measure word Ge, Ba sentence Bei sentence and the positive and negative interrogative sentence.. The word ending Zi is used more widely than Mandarin Chinese, because the Zi not only is used as Mandarin Chinese, but also could be combined with some other words. The nouns of locality If Tongchuan dialect always have the suffix , and the meaning of is equal to the suffix "Tou" and "Bian" in Mandarin. The reduplicated words include the reduplicated noun, adjective. The pronoun of Tongchuan dialect is very special, such as the plural forms of pronoun are foumed by changing the tone, and the indicative pronouns have some special expressing forms. The imperative word can express the mood of command, encouragement, dissuasion, ect. The measure words of Tongchuan dialect are lacking, and 14 measure words of Mandarin Chinese can be used as Ge in Tongchuan diealect, In syntax, the Ba sentence has 2 characters when comparing with. Mandrin Chinese, firstly object could be unlimited, secondly the predicate verb could be a single verb. At last, the thsesis provides several grammatical examples and phonological examples.Tongchuan dialect has the very important position in the research of Guanzhong dialect. This thesis is to study the Tongchuan dialect for the first time, Through fieldwork, I investigate Tongchuan dialect and record it, at the same time, adopting the methods of descriptive linguistics, contrastive linguistics and historical linguistics, objectively analyze the phonological, lexical and grammatical systems firstly, compare Tongchuan dialect with Mandarin Chinese, and conclude the characteristics of Tongchuan dialect, at last, from the diachronic view, using the middle ancient Chinese phonological system represented by Qieyun and Guangyun as a reference system, conclude the diachronic evolutionary rules of Tongchuan dialect. The significances of this research lies in: provides a lively linguistic...