| After Shuowenjiezi had been written by Xushen who lived in the Donghan Dynasty , it had been made private copies in the later hundreds of years . Adding to Yangning Li altered among it, lots of mistakes had been made and differented from Shuowens original copy. The second empiror of Song Dynasty ordered Xuxuan and the others to rectify it in the third year of Yongxi ( A.D. 986). They completed the manuscript in November of the third year of Yongxi , then the second empiror of Song Dynasty ordered the Imperial College to carve for the printing plate . The revised copy of Shuowenjiezi has been called Daxu Copy . In this copy , Xuxuan made brief explanatory notes to Shuowen in order to proofread and correct the similarities and differences , to distinguish the corrects and the mistakes . On the view of existing materials , there is little study on Xuxuan's notes . To do this study , to differentiate its misprints and to analyse its value on philology is one very meaningful thing.First, common and wrongly written character studyXuxuan got great achievement in revising Shuowen in many aspects . One of them is that he proved physique change of Chinese characters . According to the character form appendix followed the copy corrected and printed by Zhonghua Book Company published in 1963 . there are 147 common and wrongly written characters in the notes altogether . Through contrasting and analysing character in popular form and researching their developing and withering away in using them , We can not only understand the concreteconditions of these characters in popular form , but also understand their reasons and Chinese character's changing and their developing regulations .Secound . Liushu studyXushen run Liushu theory through all the book , sitted more than 9,000 characters one by one in the right seat according to this theory . Through analysing the physique structure of Chinese characters , he explained the meaning of words and the methods of making words . But Xushen s explanations are mostly as " profound meanig with simple word " .even ocassionally having slip and careless omissions that had not been examined . So Xuxuan did a large number of explanations and rectifications to some extent once in a while . in order to reveal Liushu regulations further , to seek the implied meaning of the ancient artificial word , to disclose the origin of topography of Chinese characters and expound the relation between the meaning of a word and the shape on which it depends . However , they also made some mistakes because of unidentifying physique and unidentifying create word motivation and drawing wrong conclusions by false analogy with it.Third , omitting sound symbol and omitting meaning symbol studyOmitting sound symbol and omitting meaning symbol are supplementary regulations of Liushu theory that were put forward by Xushen to analyse the structures on the Chinese character. Namely : ideographic and alphabetic character is omitted partly . According to situation which we study , the comments of Daxu copy is correct partly which have already been proved by the materials later . Because they lack relevant knowledge that limited by era , mainly because the judge standard of omiting sound symbol is error , its notes are mostly untrustworthy.Daxu copy's notes about omitting meaning symbol is less then omitting sound symbol . but it can be divided into two kinds too : the complicated meaning symbol is partly omitted or replaced by sound symbol.Fourth , the interpretation of an ancient text studyBased on the analysis of ancient physique of Xiaozhuan , Guzhou etc.and based on the analysis of the language material with example in a large amount from documents before Qin . Shuowen through interpreting , tracing the origin Judging meaning circle . etc. . put forth explanation of original meaning in word and made the outstanding achievement. But because era and language have developed , descendants already have much difficult to understand the meaning of a word that he explained . Therefore ,... |
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