| The causative verbs "shi, ling, rang, jiao, yao" are the most typical ones in modern Chinese. Our predecessors and modern successors have done a lot of constructive study work about them, but what they have done is confined among the description of constricted linguistic facts or simple classifications and there exists kinds of disagreements. This essay is to do more careful explorations about the five monotonous causative verbs based on semantic level, syntactic level and pragmatic level.This essay consists of seven chapters. Chapter 1, preface. This chapter mainly defines monotonous causative verbs, briefly generalizes the achievements our predecessors have made and their disagreements. It also introduces the research thoughts and linguistic material sources of this essay. Chapter 2 involves semantic classification and property of monotonous causative verbs. The fact that there are three major kinds of such verbs is pointed out and we think each of them has its own semantic features. Chapter 3, 4 and 5 respectively explore the constructions of the subject, the causative object and the causative complement of each kind of monotonous causative verb sentences and contrast their differences and similarities. We conclude as the following: (1) The subject of thing-causing monotonous causative verb sentences can be nounal, verbal and adjectival words and it can express things and events but not, people; the subject of people extra-right and people-short-right monotonous causative verbs can only be nounal words expressing people and things occasionally and such subject has apparent right-level character. (2) Thing-causative objects can use both nounal words and verbal or adjectival words to represent things and events; people-extra-right causative objects can only use nounal words to represent people or living tilings; people-short-right causative objects mainly use nounal words to represent people and things occasionally, but the causative objects of urang38" can only be nounal words to express things while "rang38" has many verbal or adjectival causative objects to express things. (3) Thing-causative complement is usually nonvolitional verb and it solidifies its state by employing many words expressing result or state and the mitigating of multi-syllable. Volitional verb as thing-causative complement has confined requirements to obtain certain subsequence and state by moving up or back the semantic stress and to push forward or solidify its subsequence and state by using such kind of words; people-extra-right causative complement is usually enactive volitional verb; people-short-right causative complement can be both enactive volitional verb and stative nonvolitional verb , and there are usually regulations of certain condition. Chapter 6 mainly analyzes the pragmatic difference of monotonous causative verbs and regards the differenceas the embodiment of verbal semantic difference, the subsequence of syntax violating its semantic meaning, and of context and culture background regulation of language users. Chapter 7 briefly summarizes the main points in this thesis.This essay has made several breakthroughs as following. Firstly, it is the first time to make systematic analysis and description about the semantic, syntactic and pragmatic characters. Secondly, it is the first time to group monotonous causative verbs according to their semantic meaning and find out the fact that the five monotonous causative verbs represent three kinds of verbs, and at the same time it points out that only within monotonous causative verbs themselves can they equally exchange so that it solves the irregularly replacing contradictory of the five words. Thirdly, it discovers the correspondence rule of predicate causative complement and volitional verb or nonvolitional verb in the fundamental causative sentence pattern that is represented by monotonous causative verbs.
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