Relationship Among Father's Rearing Pattern, Self-esteem And Subjective Well-being Of High School Students

Father's rearing pattern refers to fixed behavioral tendencies and emotional patterns in the daily activities of raising children. It reflects the way fathers treat their children and the attitude of the communication between fathers and their children. Father's rearing pattern plays an important role in children'development, which is affected by children'sex and fathers'educational level.On the basis of Chinese and foreign studies of father's rearing pattern, considering our cultural background and the characteristics of high school students, we developed the questionnaire of father's rearing pattern of high school students. Using the revised questionnaire, we investigated 479 high school students. We compared the differences of the dimensions of father's rearing pattern in demographic variables, analyzed the relationship among father's rearing pattern, self-esteem and subjective well-being, and discussed whether father's rearing pattern could predict the others. The main conclusions of this study are as follows:Firstly, organizing the father's rearing pattern questionnaire included eighteen items, which was composed of five dimensions: emotional warmth, over-punishment, neglect, overprotection, and denial. This questionnaire had good reliability and validity. Secondly, most high school students thought their fathers treated them positively. Significant differences in female and male students had been found on dimensions of emotional warmth, and denial. There were no significant differences in different grades. Significant differences in different father-education level had been found on all five dimensions. Sex, grade, father-education level had the interaction in father's rearing pattern. Thirdly, high school students felt well in self-esteem and subjective well-being. Father's rearing pattern, self-esteem and subjective well-being had significant association with each other. Self-esteem level and subjective well-being level could be predicted by father's rearing pattern. Specifically: the dimensions of emotional warmth, denial, over-punishment, neglect had significant influences on self-esteem level. The dimensions of emotional warmth, denial, neglect had significant influences on subjective well-being level.