A Reasearch On The Layout And Landscape Of Lin'an City In Southern Song Dynasty

Hangzhou is captial of Zhejiang province.It's organizational system dated from as early as Qiantang county which founded in Qin dynasty, underwent many years of development from Suitang to northern Song dynasty, became one of the largest city in southern song of Chinese ancient feudal society, and one of the world-wide metropolis in the middle of 14th century. The urban construction of Lin'an is the turning point of Chinese city construction in southern song, the city layout and landscape is of their own.The administrative zones evolution of Lin'an city enhances unceasingly, eventually become the capital of southern song. Since Hangzhou is surrounded by mountains and lakes, the city's landscape and layout become more complex and diverse. The inner city depend on Phoenix Hill, occupying a large plains Lin'an city, and controlling the lifeblood of the city, Outsider city shoulder an important responsibility to defend the city, so, doing the gates constantly while reinforcing defensive wall; Royal Street is a street which in the city's central axis, runs through the city, connecting the small streets to form the road system of Lin'an city; important central government offices are mainly located near the Hening door, and other government offices located in residential area; and the residential areas located in various places where suitable for living throughout the city, mainly in the southern and central of Royal Street, northern is rare because of living conditions. The inner city, outsider city, streets, overseers, residential area, gardens and the layout combined with the natural landscape, creating the human and the nature harmonious layout.The special waist drum form of Lin'an city, broke the long city square layout. But on the whole, Lin'an regarded Royal Street as its central axis, operated all aspects like the basic necessities around Royal Street.Finally, during the song dynasty, the workshop and the city completely separated.Commercial, handicraft industry developed extremely prosperously, Lin'an city as the national political center transformed gradually to the national important political and economic center.The city layout of Lin'an City is a typical representative of irregular shape model of urban construction in China.Since then, urban development is not confined to fine neat layout of the city, turned to its function and terrain as the basis for rational distribution.Combine the natural landscape and man-way to create a garden city is good for urban construction later.