Evaluation On The Intervention Effect Of Drinking Water And Health Education Of Environmental Sanitation In Western Rural Areas

Objective:To improve people's living environment, raise public health knowledge and develop the right health behavior by developing health education interventions of drinking water and sanitation in China's western rural areas, to provide reference of health education interventions in drinking water and sanitation through effective evaluation and analysis of the results of health education intervention. Method:A survey was conducted in 2 villages in each of Guangxi Autonomous Region, Ningxia province and Chongqing Municipality. The survey targets include village leaders, housewives and pupils. Through the survey, the basic situation of local drinking water and environmental sanitation, the need of health service and baseline information of health knowledge and behavior are learned and identified. The intervention in the 6 villages last for 1 year, involving training on health knowledge, distribution of promotional materials and the health promotion activities. The evaluation was made on the effects of intervention by comparing the changes of environmental sanitation, personal health knowledge and health behavior before and after the intervention. The survey data were input into EXCEL database, and was analyzed by using of SPSS 17.0 software. Results:1) The results of Health education demand assessment show 80.12% of the drinking water supply for villagers is surface water,23.33% water provided is centralized water supply. In the 6 survey village, the garbage is dumped randomly in 5 villages, sewage is discharged randomly in all the 6 village. The rate of clean courtyard in the survey is 33.76%, the rate of clean kitchen is 14.84%, toilet without fly and larvae and non-fecal exposure accounted for 23.18% and 25.95% respectively. The health knowledge level of housewives and students is not high, the rate of forming healthy behavior is quite low. 2) According to the results of health education demand assessment, the students and housewives are the primary target population of health education intervention. The interventions include social mobilization, strengthening human capacity building, strengthening monitoring and supervision, and carrying out the process and effect evaluation, conducting propaganda and education through integrated mass media and interpersonal communication.3) The effect evaluation results showed that garbage in all the six villages are collected together, sewage from 4 villages are under effective governance, the rates of clean courtyard and kitchen are increased by 24.43% and 36.43% respectively. Health behavior formation rate of housewives is increased by 18% to 55%, the rate of washing hands before meals and after defecating in pupils didn't increase, so did the rate of behavior correction in their parents, other health behavior formation rates are increased by 11%～42%. Conclusions:1) Improve basic health facilities is an important measure for solving the problem of drinking water and environmental in western rural.2) It is necessary to carry out health education intervention regarding drinking water and sanitation in the western rural areas.3) Health education interventions effectively improve the environmental conditions.4) Health education interventions effectively improve the health knowledge and the formation of health behavior.5) Health education interventions are practical and feasible.