Study On The Cellual Immunity Change And Its Clinical Significance In Multiple Myeloma

Objective:To explore the cellular immunity changes and its clincial significance in Multipe myeloma(MM).Method:The quantities of T cell subsets, Dendritic cells(DC), effective T cells,regulatory T cells and helper T cells (Th) in 40 cases of MM patients were examined by flow cytometry. The association of cellular immunity parameters of the MM patients with haemoglobin(Hb),(32-microg lobulin (β2-MG),serum albumin,serum creatinine,serum calcium were analyzed..Results:The ratio of T lymphocyte subgroup(CD4+/CD8+),DC1/DC2,activated effector T cell(CD8+CD25+/CD3+),helper T cell (Th1/Th2) and regulatory T cell (CD4+CD25+/CD3+T,CD4+CD25+CD127low/CD4+T) in the 16 normal controls were (1.13±0.16), (1.43±0.65), (1.85±0.24)%, (1.98±1.44), (9.51±1.79)%, (9.62±5.77)%,in the 18 cases of newly diagnosed group were (0.90±0.29), (0.98±0.63), (1.44±0.90)%, (0.82±0.53),(16.75±4.75)%, (11.88±5.35)%. The ratio of CD4+/CD8+,DC1/DC2,CD8+CD25+/CD3+T were reduced,that of helperT cell (Th1/Th2) was significantly decreased(P<0.05);the percentages of CD4+CD25+/CD3+ T andCD4+CD25+CD127low/CD4+T were significantly higher(P<0.01;P>0.05) in the newlydiagnosed group.The ratio of CD4+/CD8+,DC1/DC2,CD8+CD25+ /CD3+,Th1/Th2, CD4+CD25+/CD3+T,CD4+CD25+CD127low/CD4+T in the 22 cases of MM patients after chemotherpy were(1.56±0.79), (4.56±2.89), (1.73±1.05) %, (2.78±1.62), (16.30±6.27)%, (11.12±5.15)%.Compared with the newly diagnosed group,The ratio of CD4+/CD8+,DC1/DC2 and Th1/Th2 were significantly higher(P<0.05).2) The ratio of CD4+/CD8+, DC1/DC2, Th1/Th2, CD8+CD25+ /CD3+T and CD4+CD25+/CD3+T in 8 cases of the disease stable group were (1.27±0.72), (3.12±1.55), (1.54±0.90), (1.32±0.96)%, (17.45±8.22)%, those in the 14 cases of disease progressive group were (1.81±1.06), (4.62±2.37), (2.78±0.90), (1.56±0.98)%, (16.14±4.04)%, the ratio of CD4+/CD8+, DC1/DC2,Th1/Th2 and CD8+CD25+/CD3+T of MM patients in the phase of disease progression were decreased, CD4+CD25+/CD3+T was higher(P>0.05).3) The MM patients who had lower ratio of CD4+/CD8+, DC1/DC2 and Th1/Th2 had higher levels ofβ2-microglobulin(β2-MG) and serum creatinine(P<0.05);lower haemoglobin(Hb)(P<0.01), and lower Serum albumin and serum calcium(p>0.05). the MM patients who had higher ratio of CD4+CD25+/CD3+T and CD4+CD25+CD127low/CD4+T had higher levels ofβ2-microglobulin(β2-MG) ,serum creatinine and lower levels of haemoglobin(Hb) and serum albumin.(P>0.05).Conclusion:There were down-regulations of quantity and function of T cell subgroup,DC cell,helper T cell,effector T cell,while the regulatory T cells relatively raised,these abnormalities were related with the condition and prognosis of MM patients.