Epidemiological Study On The Risk Factors Of Esophageal Carcinoma In Southeastern Area Of Shanxi Province

Objective:To investigate the general incidence and risk factors of esophageal cancer in southeastern area of Shanxi province, an area with high- morbidity of esophageal cancer in China, so as to provide theoretical basis for drafting comprehensive preventive measures for esophageal cancer in the area.Methods:246 patients with esophageal cancer operated in Changzhi peace hospital Shanxi province in 2009 were considered as case group, another 246 people with matched age, gender and residence were taken as control group. All respondents were surveyed by questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was adopted to analyze general situation of esophageal cancer such as age, gender and occupation, X2 and logistic analysis were adopted to analyze the risk factors of esophageal cancer.Results:1. In the 246 cases,145 patients were male and 101 female; the ratio of male/female was 1.44:1. Age distribution was:26 cases less than 50 years old,101 cases between 50～59ys,97 cases between 60～69ys and 22 cases more than 70ys. Mean age of male cases was 59.15±7.80ys while females 58.66±8.11ys.2. Squamous cell carcinoma was the main histologic type, accounting for about 95.12%(234/246); The distribution of the cancer location was mainly in the middle part. 3. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that risk factors of esophageal cancer were drinking, smoking, eating sauerkraut and hot food for male cases while for female cases were eating sauerkraut and hot food; Slower eating speed and more fresh fruits consumption were protective factors of esophageal cancer.Conclusion:1. Esophageal cancer was more frequent in people aged from 50ys to 69ys in the southeastern area of Shanxi province, the ratio of male/female was 1.44:1; Patients with esophageal cancer were mainly squamous cell carcinoma with the middle part location;2. Drinking, smoking, eating sauerkraut and hot food were the major risk factors for male cases while for female cases were eating sauerkraut and hot food; slower eating speed and more fresh fruits consumption were protective factors of esophageal cancer.