| Objective To investigate the incidence of food impaction(F.I.) among over 15-year-old residents, in Hunan Province.To explore the incidence of this disease characteristics and related factors, and to provide the epidemiological evidence for the causes analysis of F.I.and prevention of this disease.Methods 2151 people of five areas in Hunan Province were randomly cluster sampled for investigation. While under the principle of voluntary informed, Self-designed questionnaire combined with oral examination were used, to survey the incidence of F.I. and the related factors among the residents.The results were analyzed by SPSS 13.0 software statistical package, including Pearson Chi-square test, single factor analysis and Logistic regression analysis.Results1.The incidence of F.I. of all 2151-samples was 41.19%;while 886 people were occurred F.I.There were no significant differences in the incidence of male (40.11%) and female (42.38%)(P> 0.05).The relationship of age and the incidence of F.I.showed inverted U-shaped distribution, and there were significant differences in the incidence of F.I.among age groups (P<0.05).With age, the incidence of F.I.was in the rise, and the peak (58.45%)was in the age group 40-to 49-year-old. Followed, the incidence was declining.2.There were significant differences in the incidence of F.I.among different groups of oral health situation (the incidence of F.I.in good, general and poor oral health were 27.47%,41.53% and 45.81%);whether on a regular visiting dentist groups or not (the incidence of F.I.in never, past 5years,2-5years and every year were 40.83%,36.67%,57.73%and 36.36%);the habit of chewing betel nut or not (the incidence were 35.56% and 42.32%)and so on (P<0.05).However,there were no significant differences among different groups of educational attainment, different groups of family annual disposable income, different groups of daily brushing frequency and so on(P> 0.05).3.In all the respondents who had occurred F.I.,all the tooth space could occur. Impaction percentage of the mandibular tooth space was 5.09%,it was higher than that of the maxillary tooth space which was 3.32%. Impaction percentage of the anterior area tooth space was 2.11%,it was lower than that of the posterior area tooth space which was 6.03%.There were significant differences in the mandibular and maxillary tooth space, the anterior and posterior tooth space (P<0.05),while there were no significant differences in the left side and right side (P> 0.05).4.The result of Logistic regression analysis (a into=0.05, a out=0.10) showed that the four independent variables age, gender, educational attainment, family annual disposable income, were the risk factors of the occurrence of F.I. (regression coefficient b> 0).5.In all the respondents (886 samples) who were occurred F.I.,only 0.45% of the respondents looked for treatment, and 99.55% of them did not.79.68% of the respondents had used a toothpick to remove the impacted food, while 11.96% of them choosing other methods, such as tooth-brushing, probe, mouth, hands, etc. and who were using tooth wire and inter-dental brush handle was only 1.44%.Conclusion1.The incidence of F.I.among over 15-year-old residents was high while the prevalence of treatment was low. Over 40-year-old was the high risk group, between the ages of 15 to 39,with age, the incidence of F.I.was in the rise.Over 50-year-old, the incidence was declining.2.F.I.was occurred in all the tooth space,and the incidence of F.I.were symmetrical among over 15-year-old residents in Hunan Province.Its predilection sites were the eight tooth spaces-the first molars to the second molars and the first molars to the second premolars.There was low incidence among maxillary anterior teeth. The incidence of lower jaw was higher than the upper jaw.3.The occurrence of F.I.was impacted by gender, age, educational attainment, family annual disposable income and oral hygiene.
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