| Objectives1 To analysis the risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disea- se (COPD) in the rural areas of Tangshan.2 To provide a basis of the prevention and treatment for COPD in the rural areas of Tangshan.Methods1 The method of stratified cluster random sampling is chosen in the survey. To separately sampled in different landform region, such as the coastal areas, the mountainous regions and the plain areas (Nanpu, Qianan, Kaiping). To selecte 6 villages randomly in 3 counties which are also sampled random. In these 6 villages, 1948 residents who are 40 year-old above are investigated at home. The items of the investigation include questionnaire (living condition, life and cooking habits, smoking history, personal history, family history, respiratory symptom, disease management and so on) and physical examination.2 A total of 190 COPD patients (120 males, 70 females) were diagnos- ed in this epidemiological investigation of COPD as cases while two healt- hy neighbors of every case were selected ( satisfy the normal lung function, except for asthma, chronic bronchial pulmonary disease, tuberculosis, lung cancer, lungs surgery history, nearly 3 months have suffered from other ser- ious diseases and acute respiratory infectious diseases )as controls (240 ma- les, 140 females). According to not matched case-control study by sex and age±5 years and using logistic regression model analyze the relative risk factors.Results1 Exposure to dust or chemical at work (OR=4.74 ) , coal and biofuels as fuels(OR=1.80), with heated kang and coal basin as the way of heating (OR=2.39), smoking(OR=3.97), cigarettes perday>10 (OR=3.29), duration of smoking>20 years (OR=4.73), parents of family history of respiratory diseases (OR=2.23), recurrent childhood cough(OR= 2.40)and the life, the work was nervous or tired (OR =3.35) were the risk factors of COPD in the rural areas of Tangshan.2 By trend chi-square test, the worse the indoor ventilation is, the gre- ater the smoking index is and the smaller the body mass index is, the great- er the risk of COPD is, the linear trend test was significant.3 In this study, had not discovered housing types, outdoor pollution , poor kitchen ventilation, to quit smoking, smoking types, passive smoking, brothers and sisters of family history of respiratory diseases, hospitalized b- ecause of respiratory diseases before the age of 14, allergic history, colleag- ues and family tension associated with the occurence of COPD (P >0. 05)。4 Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that occupational exposure (OR = 6.00), live and work stress or fatigue (OR=4.09),smoking (OR = 3.95), with heated kang and coal basin as the way of heating (OR= 3.28), poor indoor ventilation (OR = 2.39), parents of family history of respiratory disease (OR = 2.34) and low body mass index (OR = 2.16) are the independent risk factors of COPD in the rural areas of Tangshan .ConclusionOccupational exposure, life and work stress or fatigue, smoking, with heated kang and coal basin as the way of heating, poor indoor ventilation , parents of family history of respiratory disease and low body mass index a- re the independent risk factors of COPD in the rural areas of Tangshan. |
