China during the Ming and qing dynasties, the development of the feudal centralization system had be to the peak, and this time had becomed the important turning point in the development process.But for the traditional medicine by education speaking,it was strongly influenced by the ideological and cultural origins nature of Ming and qing。Japan 260 years ago (1603-1867) of the Edo period, national unity, social stability, education and other aspects of Japanese culture provides the conditions for prosperity。Therefore, even when Japan imposed isolationist policy, its own culture and traditional Chinese culture has been the survival and development of local, they had a great impact on the formation and development of traditional medical education in Japan that.In general the two countries at the same time the traditional medical education, of which the similarities and differences worthy of our careful comparative study.The author mainly investigated the method of comparison between the traditional medical education in the school system, personnel training objectives, training orientation, education system, teaching management, teaching materials, school system, curriculum, teaching methods, practical content, academic institutions, training student achievement and other aspects of the situation,in order to find these strengths and drawbacks, and concluded their own characteristics, its essence, in order to promote China's traditional medical education reform and development and provide services for the domestic traditional medicine education.
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