The Clinical Background Of Traditional Chinese Medicine's Development From Warming To Cooling During Ming And Qing Dynasties

Medical case history is the study of ancient diseases,the clinical basis for the major multiple.In this study,the use of medical information to try to understand from Hongzhi the first year of the Ming Dynasty to Tongzhi five years the Qing Dynasty(Year 1486-1866).TCM warming,Mingmen,Pestilence, 11 Doctrine of Epidemic Febrile Disease,said the representation of clinical medicine diseases(syndrome),frequently-occurring disease(syndrome) and disease(syndrome) spectrum of the history of changes.History from the perspective of disease,to quantify and explain the medical thinking of the formation of academic clinical basis,as well as the academic mainstream of Chinese medicine during the shift from the warming of the causes and the process of cold.This study is a retrospective investigation dating pop history,but also the history of the disease with traditional Chinese medicine research academic interaction.Comprehensive use of the literature research and surveys, research,Chinese medicine practitioners in academic research,historical research,statistical analysis,comparative study of methods,as well as non-strict sense of the cross-sectional epidemiological survey methods and sample surveys.In this study,seven completed the following tasks:(A) developed by the ancient practice has proved feasible clinical diseases,multiple methods of investigation.Epidemiology in modern and contemporary Chinese medicine into the vision of subjects under review and the use of ancient Chinese medicine medical case, the clinical development of the ancient common,frequently-occurring disease spectrum,is a new attempt,there are many issues that need to be resolved. In this study,how the ancient Chinese medicine doctor from the collection of diseases in which information,how to belong to ancient Chinese medicine within the scope of medical science into the standard case and exclusion criteria,how to solve the ancient history of Chinese medicine because of the limitations of medical cases and personal writing habits caused the differences special circumstances and so on,made some attempt to work and initially set up the proven methods of work possible.(B) to establish the representativeness of the Ming and Qing Dynasties 11 Medical Doctors of internal medicine database.Of the Year in 1486-1866(from Hongzhi the first year of the Ming Dynasty to Tongzhi five years the Qing Dynasty) period,Xue Ji,Sun Yikui,Zhao Xianke, Zhang Jiebin,Wu Youxing,Ye Tianshi,Xue Xue,Wu Jutong,Wang Shixiong,Yu Chang,Xu Da chun representation of 11 medical doctors of internal medicine case,a more comprehensive collection and screening,which sorted out a total of 11 medical doctors of internal medicine 3783 cases of the case,the establishment of the "Ming and Qing Dynasties 11 Medical Doctors of internal medicine database."(C) the preparation of a 11 representation of the Ming and Qing Dynasties internal medicine doctors clinical spectrum of disease syndromes.In the database based on the medical home for each of the respective clinical disease syndromes information see separate statistics and analysis, preparation of the 11 Doctors of the "diseases of internal medicine Medical Syndromes score," "Medical exopathic disease syndrome spectrum of diseases", "Miscellaneous Diseases Medical syndrome spectrum of diseases," extracted from clinical medicine to witness that a higher proportion of the diseases and syndromes.(D) the preparation of the Ming and Qing Dynasties 11 representative nature of medicine prescription medicine tables.Basis in the database,respectively,internal medicine physicians in respect of each case by the medical prescription of the cold,temperature, level attributes for classification and analysis of statistics,the preparation of the 11 medical home "prescription medicine Medical statistical summary in nature," "Medical exopathic disease Recipe nature of tables"," Miscellaneous Diseases Medical prescription tables nature",both from the point of prescription and efficacy for the study of the nature of the disease syndromes to provide support,as well as understand the thinking of clinical medicine and academic differences between the provision of quantitative basis.(E) the preparation of the academic thinking of the Ming and Qing Dynasties of Chinese medicine in three stages of the historical development of medical disease and syndrome prescriptions spectrum nature of statistical tables.Doctors in the above spectrum of disease syndromes and prescriptions based on the nature of statistical tables,respectively,the first year of the Ming Hongzhi(1486) to Qing Dynasty Tongzhi five years(1866) The nearly four hundred years of academic thinking of the development of Chinese medicine in three stages(temperature period leading up theory,academic transformation, Science of Seasonal Febrile Diseases,said the leading period) of the Internal Medicine clinical disease syndromes and prescriptions for the classification of the nature of statistics and analysis,preparation of the various periods of "Internal Medicine Medical Syndromes disease score," "exogenous disease treatment the case of the disease spectrum syndrome","Miscellaneous Diseases Medical syndrome spectrum of diseases," and the period of "the nature of medical prescriptions medical case statistical summary," "exogenous disease the nature of the medical herbs which tables","Miscellaneous Diseases of Medical Records Recipe nature of tables",to extract the common period of clinical evidence,collate and analyze periods of clinical medicine herbs commonly used in cold temperature properties.(F) of the same period in the medical home and the three historical periods, see the clinical disease and prescription cold temperature properties were analyzed and compared the difference.(G) of the three historical periods in the case and the doctors misdiagnosed disease varies with the administration made a comparative study of the phenomenon.More than four points to draw major conclusions:(A) the use of medical information,combined with modern medical understanding,in large samples using quantitative analysis based on a comparative study of methods and general rehabilitation of the first year of the Ming Hongzhi(1486) to Qing Dynasty Tongzhi five years(1866) to inter-Jiang Zhejiang region mainly involved in Beijing,Anhui and Jiangxi in some areas of the 11 physicians from the Perspective of spectrum of disease syndromes.(B) warming theory lead period(1486-1599),the academic transition (1600-1664),the Science of Seasonal Febrile Diseases,said the leading period (1665-1866 years) three periods of common,frequently-occurring diseases, both common,there are significant differences.Dysentery disease is still common in retaining its position as the forefront of disease spectrum standings. Differences are:warming theory-led period,Weak cough and chronic infectious diseases(leprosy) patients,respectively,occupy the top of the second spectrum,three;academic transition,the top three diseases are related with the digestive tract disorders(diarrhea,vomiting,abdominal distension or above);Science of Seasonal Febrile Diseases period that led to cold and heat exchanges see as the major exogenous disease fever(malaria) increased for the first hemoptysis disease,cough internal separated second and third, dysentery back fourth.Throughout the three periods,it is common, frequently-occurring diseases,the historical changes in generally showed mainly from chronic disease to the acute increase in exogenous trends.This trend in the three periods of the disease reflected the same score: acute febrile disease(malaria,Exogenous high fever,spring temperature,air temperature,wet temperature,Fushu,summer temperature,dry temperature,cold, bad throat pulmonary carbuncle fever,bulk disease,chickenpox,smallpox,etc.) in the proportion of all diseases,according to the order period is 12.16%%, 16.5%21.14%,showing a gradual upward trend.(C) As time goes backward,disease syndromes in general showing a certificate from a cold,to a deficiency for more than heat,evidence-based process of change.Comparison of three periods of Exogenous syndrome type, basically reflecting the trend of this change:Differentiation for the cold syndrome,deficiency and virtual folders,folder of cold syndrome of the proportion of cases,respectively,in accordance with the order period is 40%, 76%,28.14%.Science of Seasonal Febrile Diseases,said in the lead of 28.14 percent in the period,but also a lot of heat injury,including Tianjin,loss yin number of cases,the real deficiency,less cold syndrome.Miscellaneous diseases have similar situations. Medical prescriptions in the treatment of properties results from the perspective of a clear evidence of the disease reflects the historical changes in type:Warming period of the treatment of exogenous theory of disease led to the use of Xin Wen,Ping majority of prescriptions(54.55%+1.82%),while the dominant view that the Doctrine of Epidemic Febrile Disease cold medicines used to cure closer to the 76.77 percent ratio.Theory-led period of warming and Miscellaneous Diseases cured using hot prescriptions(74.38%),while the Science of Seasonal Febrile Diseases,said the lead period the proportion of prescriptions with warm down 40.63 percent, while the use of cold medicine to cure the proportion of 50.05%.This phenomenon of diarrhea diseases and injuries in the coughing disease appear even more evident.Academic medicine in transition of the performance of the overall shift from a warming of the transition state of cold,but still biased towards Xin Wen.In differentiation,whether exogenous or miscellaneous diseases,cold syndrome,deficiency and virtual folders,folder of cold syndrome were higher than the proportion of cases before and after the two periods.This phenomenon to be considered.(D) of diseases,syndromes,three prescriptions statistics prove that: in the natural,social and historical conditions of the population caused by disease syndrome spectrum changes,as well as the clinical differentiation of this change on the pressure medication,Chinese medicine is to promote the development of academic thinking of the direct driving force,is the medical thinking of the formation of academic clinical background,is the academic trend of Chinese medicine occurred downs and evolution of the root causes.