The Risk Factors For Oral Lichen Planus And Angiogenesis

Objective Oral lichen planus is an agnogenic chronic infectious disease, and its incidence is just less than that of recurrent oral ulcers. This study was a preliminary study to discuss the relationship between the incidence of oral lichen planus and the basic conditions of patients and their variety of diet habits through epidemiological investigation; it also observed the staining of VEGF in normal buccal mucosa, erosive and non-erosive oral lichen planus and buccal cancer tissue and the changes in the microvessel density of CD34 staining through immunohistochemical staining to provide references for further exploration of the pathogenesis and treatment of oral lichen planus.Methods by using 1:1 match research method to select 160 cases of oral mucosal lichen planus patients that received treatment in periodontal mucosal division of the Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University during January 2008 to December 2009 as research objects, and 160 cases of non-oral mucosal disease patients that matched age and sex with the research objects as the control group. The uniform questionnaire was used in this research, and the conditional Logistic analysis method was used to analyze the risk factors of OLP occurrence. Meanwhile, this study selected 10 cases of erosive OLP and 10 cases of non-erosive OLP, 10 cases of buccal squamous cell and 10 cases of required removal of part of the cheek due to tissue trauma over the same period from the research objects. Among the four groups was no statistical difference in age and sex. All cases were diagnosed by histopathology examination-- VEGF stain epithelium, CD34 marked vascular endothelial cells, microvessel density measured under the optical microscope, as well as using SPSS statistical analysis software to analyze OLP microvessel density changes.Results As the research showed, there were multiple female patients with OLP, the peak age of onset is 45-59, the time for treatment of 77.5% patients is in 4-12 months after the prevalence, and the erosive incidence is the most common type for OLP. Spicy food (OR=3.473),gastritis(OR=3.134),hard food(OR=2.535),hot food(OR=2.122),and the smoked food(OR=1.741)are closely related with the pathogenesis of OLP. Within the immunohistochemistry experiment, VEGF almost has no expression in the normal buccal mucosa, but in erosive and non-erosive OLP and buccal cancer its positive rate is up to 90%.The rank sum test of microvessel density for four group, erosive OLP group and normal control group,buccal cancer group and normal tissue group,buccal cancer group and non-erosive OLP group, showed there was significant difference in microvessel density (P<0.05)。And the microvessel density of VEGF positive expression group was significant higher than the VEGF negative expression group.Conclusion This research found that the factors of sex,age,gastritis,long-term consumption of spicy food,consumption of too hard and too hot food as well as the smoked food are closely related with the pathogenesis of OLP, and the occurrence of OLP may be the result of multiple factors. During the clinical treatment, the erosive OLP were most common type and most patients failed to receive treatment on time after onset of OLP. Within the immunohistochemistry experiment, the microvessel density of VEGF positive expression group was significant higher than the VEGF negative expression group, which showed VEGF played an important role in the angiogenesis of OLP. The microvessel density of four group, from small to large, were: normal group,non-erosive OLP group,erosive OLP group and squamous cell carcinoma group. And the microvessel density of either the erosive or non-erosive OLP group was significantly higher than that of the normal mucosa group, which showed the phenomenon of increased microvessel density in OLP pathological tissue and the microvessel density was positively correlated with the severity of OLP.