The Effect Of Altitudes On Ginseng Volatile Oil Content

This article's experimental materials is based on ginseng roots, stems and leaves from different areas and different years with different altitudes, for extracting volatile oil in different parts of ginseng, analyzed and identified its composition by using the GC-MS, have a research on variation pattern of ginseng volatile oil content and composition from different areas and different years with different altitudes, and for the first time have the analysis of influence and relativity about ginseng volatile oil content, composition of elevation factors, and have antibacterial experiment of ginseng volatile oil in different altitude.Altitude level is 127m-1423m from 4 places in Hunchun, Ji'an, Fusong, Changbai:Rock bottom of four-years ginseng volatile oil content is in Hunchun 127m, content is 0.057%, culminating point is in Changbai 1423m, content is 0.138%; Rock bottom of volatile oil content in ginseng stem and leaf is in Hunchun 219m, content is 0.032%, culminating point is in Fusong 850m, content is 0.095%。Rock bottom of five-years ginseng volatile oil content is in Hunchun 127m, content is 0.063%, culminating point is in Changbai 1423m, content is 0.213%; Rock bottom of volatile oil content in ginseng stem and leaf is in Hunchun 219m, content is 0.049%, culminating point is in Fusong 850m, content is 0.120%。Rock bottom of six-years ginseng volatile oil content is in Hunchun 127m, content is 0.074%, culminating point is in Changbai 305m, content is 0.214%; Rock bottom of volatile oil content in ginseng stem and leaf is in Hunchun 219m, content is 0.050%, culminating point is in Fusong 850m, content is 0.104%。Places where ginseng volatile oil content exceeds 0.1% from different elevations and different years are Changbai>FuSong>Ji'an>Hunchun, in the same altitude, ginseng volatile oil content in Fusong area is higher than Ji'an area. Ginseng roots volatile oil total content in different elevations and different years are fit the pattern of increasing as growth of year, the content is also increased as the elevation is rise, this degree of tendency is four-year>five year> six years. Ginseng stem and leaf volatile oil total content in different elevations and different years are fit the pattern of increasing as growth of year, but the relativity tendency of the same elevation rise is not obvious, undulate larger.Analyzeing four-year ginseng roots volatile oil content in different elevations and different areas by GC-MS, identified the results shows that great majority of its composition is sesquiterpenoids, still have fatty acid, aliphatic ester and alkane compound. Totally identified 54 kinds of compositions in four-year ginseng roots in Hunchun area,; totally identified 49 kinds of compositions in four-year ginseng roots in Ji'an area; totally identified 62 kinds of compositions in four-year ginseng roots in Fusong area,62 kinds of compositions in four-year ginseng roots in Changbai area. Although ginseng volatile oil content existing differences from different elevations, but didn't appear certain regularity. Meanwhile, also identified Tricosane, Tetracosane and other 6 kinds of compositions that have not reported yet from different elevations, and these compositions are exist in each elevation.Through the anti-bacteria test to ginseng volatile oil, we can know that the ginseng volatile oil have the inhibitory action to Escherichia coli ATCC 8099 and Staphyloccocu aureus ATCC 6538. From the total anti-bacteria effect of experimental liquor, the restrain effect which ginseng root volatile oil to Staphyloccocu aureus ATCC 6538 is much better than Escherichia coli ATCC 8099. the restrain effect which ginseng stem and leaf volatile oil to Escherichia coli ATCC 8099 is much better than Staphyloccocu aureus ATCC 6538.