Clinical Application Of Protein Chip Technique In Diagnosis And Estimating The Efficacy Of Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization Of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Objective: Hepatocellular carcinoma is a common cancer. In China, the incidence and mortality rates of hepatocellular carcinoma are in front of all cancers. Because of no obvious clinical symptoms in the early period, most patients have missed the best treatment period . In currently, detection of serum AFP is the best diagnostic biomarker of liver cancer. But the sensitivity of AFP is only 39%~65%, and the specificity is 70%~90%. In addition to AFP, there is no better diagnostic biomarker of liver cancer. If we found a new biomarker which is more sensitive and accurate than AFP, the early diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer will be great improving. In the treatment of liver cancer, surgical resection is the preferred treatment. But many patient have not diagnosed in time, they have missed the best time of operation. For these patients, transcatheter arterial chemoembolization is a good choice. This method is more simple, have less wound and fewer side effect for patients. So it has been widely used in the treatment of patients of liver cancer. Because this method requires several times intervention treatment, the evaluation of efficacy is very important for the follow-up treatment. In addition to the imaging method, there is no good serum biomarker in recently. Surface-enhanced laser desorption/ ionization time of flight mass spectrometry is a new proteomics technology. This method have the advantages of fast, simple and high-throughput. It provided a new platform for the research of biomarker of cancer. This research use the SELDI-TOF-MS technique to screen meaningful protein for diagnosis and estimating the efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma by analyzing the serum protein expression profiles of healthy people and the patients with primary liver cancer before and after interventional therapy.Methods: SELDI-TOF-MS technique and IMAC-Cu Protein Chip were used to detect serum of 64 healthy people and 30 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma before and after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization. Proteomic spectra were analyzed by Bio-Marker Wizard software. Results: 14 proteins were significantly different among the healthy people,the patients without any treatment and the patients with intervention treatment(P<0.05).2 proteins(mass-to-charge ratio 3949Da and 4276Da) have a higher diagnostic efficacy, the sensitivity were 93.3% and 100%,specificity were 81.25% and 84.38%. One protein( M/Z2786.08) was significantly different between before and after TACE(P <0.05).The group of this protein low expressed after TACE were better than the group of this protein high expressed after TACE on tumor shrinkage rate ,survival time and survival rate after surgery(P <0.05).Conclusion: SELDI-TOF-MS technology can be used to screen serum markers of liver cancer, 14 proteins which was found may be involved in the process of occurrence and development of liver cancer, the protein(M/Z2786.08) may be the drug targets of treatment and can be used to evaluate the efficacy of TACE.