The Expression And Significance Of Livin And Smac In Condyloma Acuminatum

Condyloma acuminatum(CA) is a common sexually transmitted disease which is caused by human papilloma virus (HPV). CA is the benign puffiness in external genital organs, but some can be transformed into malignant tumors. It is predilection in young adults,and transmitted by sex,mother and less indirect contact. In sum,CA has the fast growth,strong infectivity and high recurrence rate, which is seriously affected not only physical and mental health of patients, but also the stabilization of family and society. So more and more people pay close attention to it and it is designated as a kind of the sexually transmitted disease by National Venerism Control Center.Abnormal apoptosis of cells is an important mechanism of the occurrence and development of tumor, and apoptosis is the result of the interaction of many genes. Rently Livin became a new inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAP),and also called ML-IAP,KIAP. It is coloned from the human cDNA library,and suppresses the respond of the caspase proteinase directly through the combine of its BIR area and the caspase proteinase. The maily caspase proteinases is Caspase3,Caspases7,Caspases9. So Livin can block cell apoptosis,and plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of tumor. Smac is a newly protein which is discovered in mitochondria, and can promote apoptosis, it will selectively binds IAPs members (such as Livin, survivin, etc.)by combining the BIR domain of IAPs.So Smac can lift inhibition to achieve cell apoptosis. Although CA is a benign proliferative disease, some can also be converted into malignant tumors and a few can shape giant condyloma acuminatum (also known as Buschke-loewenstein tumour). So there exists abnomal apoptosis of cells in the CA tissue. Rently a lot of studies about cell apoptosis are reported. but there are scarce investigations about the expression and relationships of Livin and Smac in CA. To investigate the expression of Livin and Smac in CA and their significance in CA, we applied immunohistochemical SP method to detected 58 cases of CA and 20 cases of foreskin, and studied the expression of Livin and Smac for explore their possible role of CA.1. MaterialsSpecimens of CA were obtained from 58 outpatients in the department of dermatology and venereology from August 2008 to June 2009. The whole cases of the clinical and laboratory diagnosis were diagnosised by typical clinic manifestation and pathology. There were 34 males and 24 females in the group of CA, ages from 18 years old to 56 years old (mean 27.15±8.58 years). The course ranges from 21 days to 120 days(mean 58.19±4.12 days). They don't accept any treatment, for example drug, laser therapy, refrigeration, and so on.The specimens derived from the normal foreskin tissues of 20 adult males who underwent surgery, and all are diagnosised as normal epithelial tissue by the pathology.2. MethodsSP immunohistochemistry method was used to measure the expression of Livin and Smac in 58 cases of CA and 20 normal skin controls. In the past literature We will get half quantitation ranking scores according to the percentage of positive cells(≤10%:0point,11%～25%:1point,26%～50%:2points,51%～75%:3 points,≥76%:4points) and stain intensity (negative:0point, Buff:1point, yellow:2 points, ocher yellow:3points). According to the above score's respective multiplications, we get the final scores of the expression of Livin and Smac in CA.negative (-):0 point, weak positive(+):1～4 points, positive(++):6～8 points, strong positive(+++):9～12 point.3. Statistical analysisSPSS 13.0 statistical package was used to process the data using the Chi-square and Spearman correlation test analysis, P＜0.05 was considered significant.Results1. The expression of Livin in CA tissues and normal foreskin tissues.The positive rate of Livin in the 58 cases of CA tissues was 81.03%(47/58), while that in normal control 25.00%(5/20). The distribution of Livin in CA throughout the epidermis and mainly located in the prickle cell layer. Meanwhile,it reduced in the stratum granulosum. The positive rate of Livin expression in CA was significant higher than that in normal controls (x2=21.013, P＜0.05),and the intensity of Livin expression in CA was more significant(x2=22.571, P＜0.05). There was a significant difference both in the positive rates and the expression intensity of Livin between the two groups (P＜0.05).2. The expression of Smac in CA tissues and normal foreskin tissues.The positive rate of Smac in the 58 cases of CA tissues was 77.59%(45/58) while that in normal control 35.00%(7/20). Its positive color was brown, and it mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of CA cells, located in the prickle cell layer. The positive rate of Smac expressed in CA was significant higher than that in normal controls(x2=12.137, P＜0.05)),and the positive intensity of Smac expressed in CA was more significant(x2=12.580, P＜0.05). and the difference between the two groups was significant in the statics.3. The correlation analyse of expression of Livin and Smac in the CA tissues.In the 47 positive cases of Livin, there are 40 positive cases of Smac and 7 negative cases of Smac; Or in the 45 positive cases of Smac, there are 40 positive cases of Livin and 5 negative cases of Livin. The Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that, the expression of Livin protein Smac protein was positively correlated by the Spearman rank correlation analysis (r= 0.373, P=0.004)Conclusion1. the positive rates and the expression intensity of Livin expression are higher in CA tissues than that in the control groups, this result suggested that Livin can inhibit apoptosis for the organization dysplasia.2. the positive rates and the expression intensity of Smac expression are higher in CA tissues than that in the control groups, this result suggested smac can promote cell apoptosis and inhibit the growth of the organization of the CA to a certain extent.3. Positive correlation between Livin and Smac expression in CA tissue. It shows that the increase expression of Smac can inhibit the anti-apoptotic effects of Livin, they influencede both the occurrence and development of CA together.