The Study On Equity And Efficiency Of Health Resources Allocation In Guangxi Province

ObjectiveLack of health resources and irrational configuration of it have to some extent hindered the sustainable development of health services, which is particularly prominent in China. Therefore, how to allocate health resources fairly and reasonably, and how to improve the efficiency of resource allocation have become the primary concern of health reform. In the present study, Guangxi Province is chose as the object of study. We made a comprehensive evaluation on the fairness and the efficiency of the health resources allocation based on the analysis of them in Guangxi. Thereby, the situation of the fairness and the efficiency of the health resources allocation in Guangxi was shown. Consequently, we provide references for optimizing the allocation of health resource, improving the utilization of health resource and making the development plan of regional health. Thus, the healthy services in Guangxi can develop in a sustain and healthy way.Methods Excel 2003, SAS8.2 and MaxDEA sofewares were applied in this study. Descriptive analysis, RSR, data envelopment analysis (DEA), Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient were used in the process of data analysis. ResultsFirst, the basic information of health resource allocation and the efficiency of utilization ratio in Guangxi1)In 2008, the total number health organization is 10442 in Guangxi, 382 more than the previous year. The growth rate is 4%. The total patient beds is 11872, 13149 more than the previous year. The average annual growth rates of medical personnel, medical technical personnel and bed were 5.10%, 5.52% and 4.16% respectively. The health resources in per 1000 population were lower than the average level of the whole country at the end of 2008, except the medical bed; From 2002-2008, the total health costs, the government budget spending on health services, public health expenditures and personal healthy expense increased year by year, the annual growth rate of which were 12.86%, 14.76%, 6.16% and 15.83% respectively; From 2000-2008, the average growth rate of the personal healthy expense reached 20.37% and the average personal healthy expense reached 64.32 RMB. However, but the ratio of the health care funds to local finance expenditure has been declined from 2000 to 2006 and it has been increasing since 2007.2) From 2000-2008, the utilization rate of the health resource is increasing, and which is higher than the native level. In comprehensive hospitals, the average number of patients treated by doctors, the turnover of patient bed, the average day of inpatient and other indexes are increasing. Moreover, the average cost of outpatient and inpatient is also increasing, but lower than national average. The annual average growth rate of them is 9.41% and 6.50% respectively.Second, evaluation on the equity of health resources allocation in Guangxi In 2004-2008, Gini coefficient of health resources based on the population in 14 cities of Guangxi is 0.13-0.26, which is 0.25-0.37 according to the geographical distribution. The health resources allocation of Guangxi based on the population is better than which is based on geographical distribution. In 2004-2008, allocation of health personnel and bed resources is improving year by year. Gini coefficient based on the population profile is becoming larger year by year. However, it still stays at a relatively average range.Third, comprehensive evaluation of the allocation efficiency of health resources in Guangxi1)The allocation efficiency of health resources showed a tend to increase in general. With the health scale increased, output scale also increased. The comprehensive health strength and the efficiency of allocation were all better only in 2006 and 2008 depending on the values of U and WRSR.2)The health resources allocation is imbalance in every city:The efficiency of Liuzhou, Beihai, Fangchenggang, Baise, Laibin and Chongzuo is relatively high. However, the efficiency of other cities is deniable, for example, the efficiency of Guigang was the lowest and only 83%.Conclusions(1) Total amount of health resources in Guangxi Province was plentiful. However, the amount of the healthy resources in Guangxi has not achieved the national level. The utilization rate of the health resources is increasing year by year. In addition, there were discrepancies in the efficiency of health resource allocation among cities in Guangxi Province. (2) The economic support from each government is decreasing year by year. Average medical expense is increasing year by year. (3) The health personnel and bed resources were reasonably equal according to the distribution of population, but the equity of economic supports from each government was not optimistic, exceeding the warning line. (4) The deficiency of health resource allocation could be evaluated rationally by applying RSR and the value of U synthetically.