Investigation On The Body Mass Index And Blood Lipid Levels And Analysis Of Dynamic Trend Of Nutrition Related Diseases Of Public Officials In Urban Area Of Chongqing

Objective:With the rapid development of national economy,human disease spectrum has also changed, the prevalence rate of chronic non-communicable diseases, such as overweight, obesity, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, gout and other diseases, which are closely related to diet, increases rapidly. This situation about nutritional imbalance has posed a serious threat to the quality and health of our residents. Therefore, nutrition healthcare and the prevention of nutrition-related chronic non-communicable diseases have become an issue of great concern. Chongqing is a new municipality with a large population, although there are some investigation and research reports about nutrition healthcare, the information is relatively fragmented and the survey sample size is also relatively small, especially there is no related more systematic investigation about the larger groups of public officials. We studied the BMI, blood lipid level and their relationship with the related diseases of 5554 public officials, who are from urban area of Chongqing city in 2006 and of different ages and sex. We also conducted a dynamic comparison about the prevalence rates of nutrition-related disease from their physical examination data in 2003, 2006 and 2008.The aim is to provide scientific basis about health education and disease prevention to the people in Chongqing city, especially the public officials, and to provide valuable reference for the government to propose health care related policies.Methods:1. In this study, serving and retired public officials in urban area of Chongqing were selected as sample. There were 1621 people in 2003,The average age is 58.0±11.4 yeas old, 5554 people in 2006, The average age is 49.0±13.5 yeas old, 4532 people in 2008, The average age is 50.8±14.1 yeas old.2. The whole data of physical examination in 03, 06 and 08 for public officials from urban area of Chongqing was analyzed. The relevant information included general condition, internal and surgical inspection, blood lipid, blood glucose, serum uric acid and other biochemical index determination, blood pressure, electrocardiogram and ultrasound examination.3. After setting up a data bank, SPSS 13.0 software was adopted for data analysis, domestic or international standard for evaluation. BMI and distribution of prevalence rate of blood lipid abnormity in 2006 and their relationship with nutrition-related disease, dynamic trend of BMI, blood lipid level and the prevalence rate of nutrition-related disease in 2003, 2006, 2008 were all analyzed.Results:1. The total incidence of overweight and obesity of public officials in 2006 was 35.1% and 8.2%. The rate of overweight in male and female was 42.0% and 26.2% respectively, the prevalence rate of obesity was 10.4% and 5.2% respectively. The rate of overwetght and obesity in male was significantly higher than in female(p<0.01).The prevalence rate of overweight and obesity in female increased year by year. The rate of overweight after the age of 40 years old was significantly higher than the age of 40 years old before(p<0.01), the rate of obesity after the age of 60 years old was significantly higher than the other age group(p<0.01).2. There were increasing tendency in hypertension, diabetes, fatty liver, hyperuricemia , hypertruglyceridemia , mixed hyperlilidemia and metabolic syndrome with BMI increasing, and there was a significant or very significant differences between obese people and people with normal body mass(p < 0.05,p< 0.01), In the overweight people, hypertension, diabetes, fatty liver, hyperuricemia, hypertruglyceridemia , mixed hyperlilidemia and metabolic syndrome were significantly higher than the low weight and normal weight people(p < 0.01).3. The total prevalence rate of blood lipid abnormity in male and female was 40.5% and 29.5% respectively. The prevalence rate of hypercholesterolemia in male and female showed an upward trend with the growth of the age, after the age of 50 years old women of all ages showed an significantly higher increase than men, there was a significant or very significant difference between women and men with the same age group(p<0.05,p<0.01).The prevalence rate of hypertruglyceridemia in male at every age group was all in the higher level, and in female before the age of 50 years old was significantly lower than that in male at the same age group, but after the age of 60 years old the prevalence rate of it increased greatly and there was no significant difference between women and men with the same age group.The prevalence rate of mixed hyperlilidemia in female before the age of 50 years old was significantly lower than that in mal(ep<0.01), after the age of 60 years old the opposite is ture. The prevalence rate of fatty liver, hypertension, hyperuricemia,diabetes,coronary heart disease and metabolic syndrome in blood lipid abnormity was significantly higher than that in blood lipid normal people(p<0.01).4. The incidence of overweight and obesity of public officials decreased year by year in 2003, 2006 and 2008. The incidence of overweight and obesity in male in 2008 was significantly lower than 2003 and 2006(p<0.01), the incidence of overweight and obesity in female in 2008 was significantly lower than 2003(p<0.01), the incidence of obesity in female in 2006 was also significantly lower than 2003(p<0.01). The incidence of overweight in female in 2003, 2006 and 2008 was all significantly lower than male with the same BMI in the same year, The incidence of obesity in 2006 was also significantly lower than male with the same BMI(p<0.01).5. The prevalence rate of blood lipid abnormity in male after the age of 30 years old in 2006 was significantly higher than that in 2003 with the same age group(p<0.01).Although the prevalence rate of blood lipid abnormity in male after the age of 30 years old in 2008 was significantly higher than that in 2003 with the same age group, there was very significant difference in the age group of 30-59 years old(p<0.01). The prevalence rate of blood lipid abnormity in male in the age group of 30-59 years old in 2008 was significantly higher than the same age group in 2006 and there was very significant difference in the age group of 30-59 years old(p<0.01).The prevalence rate of blood lipid abnormity in male after 60 years old in 2006 was significantly lower than that in the same age group(p<0.01).6. The three examinations all showed that the prevalence rate of blood lipid abnormity in female before the age of 50 years old was all very significantly lower than that in each corresponding age after 50 years old(p<0.01). The prevalence rate of blood lipid abnormity in female at the age of 20-59 years old in 2006 and 2008 all very significantly lower than that in male with the same age(p<0.01), the prevalence rate of blood lipid abnormity in female after the age of 60 years old was significantly or very significantly higher than that in male(p<0.05,p<0.01).7. After three comprehensive analysis of physical examination, the results showed that, the prevalence rate of blood lipid abnormity, hypertension and fatty liver was the top three compared with public officials other nutrition-related disease prevalence rate. The prevalence rate of hyperuricemia, metabolic syndrome and coronary heart disease showed a gradual upward trend.Conclusion:The total incidence of overweight and obesity in the public officials was above the national adult average level, but same with the city adult average level. The prevalence rate of blood lipid abnormity in the public officials was higher than the national adult average level. There were increasing tendency in hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, fatty liver, hyperuricemia and hypertruglyceridemia, mixed hyperlilidemia and metabolic syndrome with BMI increasing, and there was a significant or very significant differences between obese people and people with normal body mass, and the prevalence rate of above relative disease in people with blood lipid abnormity was significantly higher than that in normal people. This study also proved that the prevention of overweight, obesity and blood lipid abnormity was of great importance to the reduce of the above nutrition-related disease. Because blood lipid abnormity, hypertension and fatty liver were the top three diseases among the public officials'other nutrition-related diseases, and the prevalence rate of hyperuricemia, metabolic syndrome and coronary heart disease showed a gradual upward trend, we should pay great attention to the potentially increasing hazards to people's healthy.