A Study Of The Sustainable Development Of The New Rural Cooperative Medical Care System In China

The law of each country's development in the world has demonstrated that the mental and physical health is the highest requirement of the social service system and also the highest platform in the systems of social insurance, welfare work, compulsory education, public housing and employment service, showing that the struture of human necessities has fairly changed from basic ones, including clothes, food, sheltering and communication, to mental and physical health, pleasure and subjective happiness. Therefore, the government is supposed to give priority to health policy and attaches importance to public health. To our excitement, our government has been working hard to explore the reform for the solution of farmers'medical care and has made great progress. The relevant provisions have been legislated one by one. Meanwhile, the governement has increased its investment and strengthed its regualtion and surpervision.Therefore, the syetem of cooperative medical care has become more and more reasonable.The No. 17 writ Deal well with the New Rural Cooperative Medical Care in 2008 from Ministry of Health and Ministry of Finance emphatically pointed out the general requirements: to increase subsidy, to cover people roundly, and to enhance and strengthen achievements. At the same time, the specific aim of 2008 was to work harder at the new rural cooperative medical care system to achieve the goal of sound covering. By the end of 2008, the new rural cooperative medical care has been in pratice in 2729 countis (districts) and the percentage of participation is 91.5%. The general amount of payout is 42.5 billion, which has benefited 370 million people. In 2008, the urban medical care system aided 5.13 million people increasing by 16% and the rural medical care system aided 9.36 million people increasing 148.0%[1]. In history, our national rural cooperative care system had gone through ups and downs. Owning to its history, we could have experiences and draw lessons. In its peak, farmers really benefited a lot. The current new rural cooperative medical care system has developed from experimental units to the whole nation gradually. The final goal of national covering is right and the job in the initial stage of experimental units has been proven successfully. However, is there possibility for the new rural cooperative medical care system to go through ups and downs in the future? Would the new system be continuous to benefit the farmers? Does the new system require perfection? What is the final destination of the new system? All of these are the issues which people are concerned about and the focus of this thesis as well.The thesis aims to analyze the problems in the current new rural cooperative medical care system and the solution to them by the theory of the sustainable development. Firstly, the objective reasons for the ups and downs of our national rural cooperative medical care system would be concluded during the description of its history and the connotation of the new rural cooperative medical care system would be explained in the theory of sustainable development. In this new medical system, the mechanism should be established to make sure the long-standing, stable and continuous operation of the system, and then successful transition from the rural cooperative medical care system to the integration of rural and urban medical care system would be achieved for the equal right of sharing of all the citizens. In this thesis, the factor which may arouse the defects of the new rural cooperative medical care system would be pointed out: the"absence"of the relevant laws. Until now, there is no laws passed to ensure the implementation of the new system. The new system has no obvious status and is just the"relief"system and not the true basic medical care insurance system. The fundraising mechanism still has great risks not only for government but the participants, which is also the biggest obstacle for the sustainable development of the new system. Besides, there is unfairness in the principle for great diseases and the principle of willingness has the defect of retrorse choice as well. In addition, the disunity in different regions has negative impacts and the coherence of the rural medical care system is not sound.In terms of manipulation, the obstacles for the new rural cooperative medical care system come from the participants, the administration and the assigned medical organizations. The thesis would describe and compare the different systems of UK, German, US and Singapore and their advantages which may benefit our new medical care system. Finally, after the diachronic and synchronic comparison, the strategies would be proposed for the sustainable development of the new rural cooperative medical care system, which include reasonable fundraising system, the strengthening of governmental duty, sound stimulating and restraining mechanism and rational planning of compensation etc. In the long term, the suggestions for its sustainable development are given, which consist of the constitution and issue of the insurance law for people's health and legalization of the system of new rural medical care system. Eventually, the duality of rural and urban medical care system would be broken and the new medical care system, which is characterized by the integration of rural and urban medical system, the socialization and the legalization, would be established successfully.