| Objective: To detect protein expression of TLR4 and MCP-1in coronary artery of patients with coronary atherosclerosis and analyze the relation between TLR4 and MCP-1 with coronary atherosclerosis, approach the relationship between the inflammatory index and plaque stability, to provide the experiment proof for clinical diagnosis, treatment and prognostic evaluation.Method: Considering the medical history and gross observation of 58 autopsy cases, they were classified as 13 normal cases and 45 athersclerosis coronary artery. The samples were divided into three different groups, designated as unstable plague groups (21 samples), stable plague groups (24 samples), and normal atherosclerosis (13 samples). These specimens were detected by immunohistochemistry, locate macrophage (CD68) and smooth muscle cell (α-actin) in the plague. Nonparametric statistics and Spearman test are applied in statistics treatment.Result: TLR4 protein can be tested in endomembrane of athero- sclerosis coronary artery, mainly in macrophage, foam cells endothe- lial cell. In control groups, no expression can be detected. There is significant difference between unstable plague and stable plagues(P = 0.019) and higher level manifested in unstable ones. MCP-1 protein expression can be observed in atherosclerosis, mainly in macrophage, foam cells, endothelial cell, smooth muscle cell in endomembrane, smooth muscle cell and fibrocyre in tunica media. In control groups, no expression can be detected. MCP-1 expression level in higher in unstable plagues than that in stable ones. Positive associations between TLR4 and MCP-1 expression intensity showed in Spearman tests (r= 0.743 P = 0.001). Conclusion: (1) TLR4 and MCP-1 both participate in the initiation and development of atherosclerosis and are highly relevant to the unstable plague.(2)Positive association between TLR4 and MCP-1 on the of protein level indicates that TLR4 is in coordination with MCP-1 during the development of atherosclerosis.
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