A Study On The Change Of Physiological Function And Antioxidant State In Female Rowers During The Long Term Training

Objective:This research is based on the training of the female rowers in Wuhan Institute of Physical Education ,who were preparing for the Youth National Championships in 2008. During the long term training,we observed the changes in physiological function and antioxidant state ,managed to find out the relationships between the body composition and rowing performance. We compares the changes and trends between open class and light class female rowers ,attempted to find out some rules or problems by exploring the characteristics of their training and its relationship with variation of some physical ability indices during the long term training,and to provide a reference for the development of scientific in rowing training.Methods:During the whole training term, body composition indices were tested in early winter training term and a week before the competition, analyzed the rule and the relationship with rowing performance; physiological function indices including CK,BU, erythrocyte indexes and antioxidant state indices including MDA,SOD,GSH-PX were tested early in winter training term,end of two periods, the changes and trends of indices were also analyzed systematically with the training load.Results:1. During the whole training term,open class rowers'weight and fat free mass were significantly higher than light class rowers'(P<0.01), female rowers'weight and body fat% measured pre-race were lower than the early winter training , including a significant drop in body fat%( open class P<0.01, light classP<0.05).There was a significant correlation between the average fat free mass and 8 km rowing ergometer performance(open class r=-0.440, P<0.05; light class r=-0.578, P<0.05).2. The average serum CK and BU started to rise after a decline, CK measured pre- race had a decrease compared with the early winter training (light class P<0.05), and also had a significant increase after the competition (open class P<0.01, light class P<0.05).The average BU were relatively stable, and there were no significant inter-group differences between the open class and light class.3. The Erythrocyte indexes started to decline after rising,which measured in the end of second period compared with the early winter training and the end of first period separately,the indices of Hb, HCT, MCV, MCH and MCHC decreased significantly (P <0.01), and there were no significant differences between the open class and light class.4.The serum MDA level decreased after the rise, Which measured pre- race had a significant drop compared with the early winter training (open class P<0.01, light class P<0.05), and it showed a rise after the competition (open class P<0.05); Winter training did not have significance influence on the serum SOD ,but it showed a decline after the competition (light class P<0.01);the serum GSH-PX had the tendency to rise after the winter training(light class P<0.05),which decreased significantly in the end of second period(open class P<0.01, light class P<0.05). and there were no significant inter-group differences between the open class and light class. There were significantly relevance between the average MDA value and the average CK, BU values (P <0.05), the activity of antioxidant enzymes and serum CK, BU levels were negatively correlated, including a significant correlation between the serum GSH-PX activity and CK, BU level (P <0.05).Conclusion:1. FFM of female rowers has a significant correlation with their special ability, indicating an effective improvement in body composition is a valuable physiological determinant of performance.2.Aerobic endurance training is the main form of winter training ,it decreased the blood serum creatine kinase and urea levels, the activity of antioxidant enzymes were no significant changes while blood lipid peroxidation was reducing , erythrocyte indexes increased, function level and antioxidant status of rowers were good; After Increasing in exercise intensity and Volume,training and competition make a reduction in the rowers'function level and antioxidant status.3. The indexes have markedly changes during the long term training.There are individual differences of the physiological and biochemical indexes in female rowers, and a single index can not be used as the standard of the intensity increasing. 4.In this study,the changes of two indexes of the antioxidant states including MDA and GSH-PX were comparatively outstanding indicating that these two sensitive indexes could be recommended to be monitoring indexes to see the changes of the antioxidant states during training.5.System of special training will bring significant differences in body composition between open class and light class rowers ,while there are no significant differences on the physiological and biochemical indexes between groups. Exercise capacity of rowers may depend on the body's own capacity to adapt and adjust to the training load Independently.