| Objective:To evaluate the incidence,the characteristics of the size and distribution of primary iris and ciliary body cysts in patients with shallow anterior chambers,and to investigate the association of cysts with the corresponding anterior chamber angle and shallow anterior chamber.Methods:From December 24 2007 to May 24 2008,patients with shallow anterior chambers found in routine health check-up were further evaluated with A-scan ultrasonography,gonioscopy and UBM scan.Any primary iris and ciliary body cysts detected were recorded by quantity,size,location,clock position and the TIA,AOD500 of the corresponding angle.The shape and TIA,AOD500 of the corresponding angle in the UBM were compared with the surrounding area of angle without cyst,and also whether the angle was narrowed or closed was recorded.The factors related to the corresponding narrowed or closed angle were analyzed.In order to further analyze the association of cysts with shallow anterior chamber,ocular biometric parameters were evaluated in both eyes of patients with unilateral and mono-cyst,with unilateral and few cysts,with multiple and multi-quadrants cysts in only one eye,respectively.Results:922 cysts were detected in 250(34.39%) of the 727 patients,which were all primary iris and ciliary body cysts.The cysts were located in the iridociliary sulcus(47.40%) and pars plicata(52.49%).The prevalence of cysts in the patients with shallow anterior chamber decreased significantly with age (rectilinear correlation analysis,r=-0.953,P=.000).The age group and the number of cysts per patient correlated significantly unilaterally(Pearson correlation coefficient,r=-0.751,P=.026).The mean±standard deviation of the largest base size of the cysts was 0.6547±0.23129mm and most were mid-sized cysts(49.65%).The incidence of the cysts with corresponding chamber angle narrowing or closure in the iridociliary sulcus was 81.01%(354/437), and in the pars plicata was 27.07%(131/484).The difference between them was statistically significant(χ~2=268.04,P=.000 ).The relationship between the cyst size rank and the proportion of the cysts which caused corresponding angles narrowing or closure in each rank was found to be a positive correlation (rectilinear correlation analysis,r=0.914,P=.000).In all patients with cysts,the number of the patients with unilateral and mono-cyst was 96(in this group,with the cysts which caused corresponding angles narrowing or closure was 52),with unilateral and few cysts was 22.There were no difference in axil length,anterior chamber depth(ACD),lens thickness,relative lens position(RLP),lens/axial length factor(LAF) between the eyes with cysts and the contralateral without cysts in the three groups(paired t test,p values all＞0.05).There are also no difference in mean TIA,AOD500,gonioscopic grading of the angles in the circumference(mann-whitney u test,p values all＞0.05),except the group with 52 patients there was difference in gonioscopic grading of the angles in the circumference(mann-whitney u test,P=0.03).In all patients with cysts,the number of the patients with multiple and multi-quadrants cysts in only one eye was 42.There were no difference in axil length,ACD,lens thickness,RLP,LAF between the eyes with multiple and multi-quadrants cysts and the contralateral eyes in this group(paired t test,p values all＞0.05),but significant difference in mean TIA,AOD500,gonioscopic grading of the angles in the circumference(mann-whitney u test, P=0.008,0.01,0.001,respectively).Conclusions:The incidence of primary iris and ciliary body cysts in the normal population is high;The location and size of the cysts are the factors to induce narrowing or closure of the angle in the corresponding area;the cysts in iridociliary sulcus or large,extra large cysts may more easier to cause corresponding angle narrowing or closure;Mono-cyst or few cysts may have no effect on the narrowing degree of the anterior chamber angle in circumference in Chinese people with shallow anterior chambe,but multiple and multiquadrant cysts may have significant effect and further aggravate its narrowing degree.
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