The Levels Of Serum Adiponectin And Intracellular Magnesium In Small For Gestational Age And Their Relationships With Growth And Development, Insulin Resistance

Objectives:To examine the levels of serum adiponectin,intracellular magnesium, fasting plasma and fasting insulin in small for gestational age(SGA) and explore the relationship between adiponectin,magnesium and their growth and development,insulin resistance(IR).Methods:81 singleton subjects with gestational ages ranging from 37 to 42 week in the Children Hospital Affiliated to Suzhou University are selected as subjects,who were assigned to experimental group(SGA) and control group(AGA),the concentration of fasting plasma glucose,fasting insulin,adiponectin and endoerythrocytic magnesium was detected within 0～48 hours after delivery,Anthropometric indicators were measured at the same time.Statistical methods of t test,x~2 test,simple correlation test and multiple regression were used to analyze these results.Results:(1) Anthropometric indicators including birth weight,length,head circumference,chest circumference,upper arm circumference,body mass index(BMI) of SGA neonates were lower than those in AGA(p＜0.01).(2) There were no difference in the gestational age,gender and fasting plasma glucose between two groups(p＞0.05).(3) The levels of adiponectin(p＜0.01),endoerythrocytic magnesium(p＜0.01) and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index(QUICK/)(p＜0.05) of SGA were lower than those in AGA, The level of fasting insulin was higher than that in AGA(p＜0.05).(4) There were positive correlation between adiponectin and birth weight(r=0.301,p＜0.01),length(r=0.236, p＜0.05),head circumference(r=0.277,p＜0.05),chest circumference(r=0.289,p＜0.01), upper arm circumference(r=0.355,p＜0.01),BMI(r=0.400,p＜0.01),but adiponectin was not correlated with gestationalage,gender,FBG,QUICKI and endoerythrocytic magnesium (p＞0.05);There were positive correlation between endoerythrocytic magnesium and birth weight(r=0.317,p＜0.01),length(r=0.261,p＜0.05),head circumference(r=0.244,p＜0.05), chest circumference(r=0.308,p＜0.01),upper arm circumference(r=0.225,p＜0.05),BMI (r=0.304,p＜0.01) and QUICKI(r=0.225,p＜0.05),it was not correlated with gestational age,gender and FBG(p＞0.05),both adiponectin(r=-0.198,p＜0.05) and endoerythrocytic magnesium(r=-0.235,p＜0.05) were negative correlated with FINS.Conclusions:Anthropometric indicators of SGA neonates were lower significantly than those in AGA.adiponectin and endoerythrocytic magnesium were positive correlated with birth weight,length,head circumference,chest circumference,upper arm circumference,BMI,which indicates that adiponectin and magnesium are important factors to regulate the fetal growth and development.The level of fasting insulin of SGA was higher than that in AGA,QUICKI was lower than that in AGA,SGA displayed decreased insulin sensitivity and to some extent had developed IR in the early postnatal period.Both adiponectin and endoerythrocytic magnesium were negative correlated with FINS,furthermore,there was positive correlation between the level of endoerythrocytic magnesium and QUICKI,which indicates that adiponectin and magnesium are good factors to resist IR.The levels of adiponectin and magnesium in SGA were decreased,SGA had higher risk to develop IR than AGA.Examination of adiponectin and magnesium may be helpful to early screening and treatment of IR.