| ObjectivesWith the control study between semen donors and non-semen donors, to find out the deficiency existing in the semen-donor recruitment of Zhejiang Human Sperm Bank, then improve the recruitment strategies; By observing the management process of this sperm bank, to find out the problems and try to improve the whole management system; According to the above analysis, to give proposals for the Health Ministry's modification on the Ethical Principles of Human Sperm Bank.Methods1. Literature ResearchWe reviewed the literature related to human sperm bank and semen-donor recruitment in and out of China, and collected the policies and regulations on Assisted Reproductive Technologies, then summarized all this materials.2. Practical Research(1) Questionnaire ResearchThere were two groups, semen-donor groups and non-semen-donors group. According the literatures having been read, we drew up two questionnaires, Questionnaire of Semen-donor Recruitment and Semen Donors' Attitudes to Relative Questions and Questionnaire of Semen-donor Recruitment and Non-semen Donors' Attitudes to Relative Questions. All the semen donors were from Zhejiang Human Sperm Bank during September, 2008 to December, 2008. and the content of semen-donor questionnaire including demographics characteristics, recruitment resources, influences and factors, the disclosure of donation, informed and consent attitudes, other relative attitudes. According to the number of semen donors, we chose a certain number non-semen donors from Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University City College, Zhejiang Science and Technology University and Hangzhou Normal University who were students with no semen-donation experience by convenience. The non-semen-donor questionnaire was similar to semen-donor one. The difference was that, before every question, there was "if I were a semen donol...", and the wording was adjusted accordingly.(2) Interview Research and Document analyzingWe interviewed the staffs who worked in Zhejiang Human Sperm Bank, to study the management of this sperm bank. Meanwhile, we borrowed the relative document by covering the donor's privacy.(3) Statistic analyzingWe numbered each questionnaire and input them into EpiData 3.1, then analyzed the data with x~2-test and Logistics analysis by SPSS 15.0 for Windows.Results1. Semen-donor Recruitment(1) Demographic CharacteristicsThere were 263 donors and 316 non donors. The 263 donors were 18-41 years old with 236 (89.7%) unmarried. Among them, 127 (48.3%) were students, 122 (46.4%) were employed. Most of them got a collage education. There were significant differences (p<0.05) between donors and non-donors in sex experience.(2) Recruitment Information SourcesThere were only three sources, internet, word of donors and campus leaflet. 228 donors (86.7%) got recruitment information via internet. 178 donors (67.7%) and 211 non-donors (66.8%) agreed to that there could be more sources. Among which, medicine organization was their first choice.(3) Influences and FactorsThere were significant differences (p<0.05) between donors and non-donors in whether they heard of Assisted Reproductive Technology and human sperm bank, And there is relationship between whether they heard of human sperm bank, whether they had donated blood, whether they thought that sperm donation a altruistic behavior as honor as blood donation between whether they had donated semen. Before donation, donors had different misgivings, such as, whether privacy could be garuanteed, whether dieseses infected when phlebotomizing to test, whether donors had any rights or obligations for offsprings conceived by their semen etc. The main influences on donors' donation were to evaluate own fertility (177, 67.3%), for financial reasons (140,53.2%) and to help infertile couples(128,48.7%). The firt three motivations for donation of donors were: to evaluate own fertility (89, 33.8%), to help infertile couple (71, 27.0%) and for financial reason (42, 16.0%). The main reason why the non donors didn't become a donor was that they never heard the recruitment information.(4) Disclosure of Donation135 donors (51.3%) worried others would knew their donation. 156 donors (59.3%) didn't tell anyone. Among the 107 donors (40.7%) who had told others, 69 (64.5%) told their friends or classmates, 39 (36.4%) told their wives or girlfriends, 7 (6.5%) told their parents, sister or brothers. There were significant differences (p<0.05) between donors and non-donors in that.(5) Informed and Consent Attitudes144 donors (54.8%) agreed on that the sperm bank should inform them when destroyed their semen, and so did 200 non-donors (63.3%). 122 donors (46.4%) wanted to know information about donor offspring, 123 donor (46.8%) didn't want to, and there were significant differences (p<0.05) between donors and non-donors in that. The information they wanted to know was whether conceived children and how many, where they lived, how their family was and what their physical characteristics. And there were significant differences (p<0.05) between donors and non-donors in that. (6) Other Relative AttitudesThose were the attitudes toward recipients and donor offspring relative. There were significant differences (p<0.05) between donors and non-donors in whether the donor offspring would disturb when they knew they were conceived by assisted reproductive technology, whether they were curious about women receiving their semen, whether they had desire to meet children conceived by their semen, whether they would go to donate if no anonymity guarantee, whether they would donate blood or marrow to the donor offspring if the offspring suffer special disease, whether it was suitable to establish a celebrity sperm bank, whether it was suitable for single women to pregnant by assisted reproductive technology.2. Management System of Zhejiang Human Sperm BankThe whole management was conducted strictly according to the Health Ministry's requirements. There was no central information system and no marriage consultation was carried out for children conceived by donors' semen hadn't grown up so far. Self-semen banking didn't got enough developed.Conclusion and Proposals1. Semen-donor Recruitment(1) Demographics Characteristics: The age of some donors hadn't qualified of the Health Ministry's requirement. The author suggested that the Health Ministry could broaden the donors' age limitation.(2) Recruitment Resources: The recruitment information sources were too limited. There should be more recruitment information sources especially the medicine organizations could play an important role.(3) Misgivings: There were different misgivings before donation. The sperm bank and relative organizations could do something to get rid of donors' misgivings.(4) Influences and Motivations: There were many influences on the decision to donate and motivations for donating were different. According to the influences and factors on donation, it wasn't suitable to give no allowance to donors or abolish anonymity donation. And sperm bank could take advantage of the evaluating own fertility factor to service for the recruitment.(5) Disclosure of Donation: More donors worried other knew their donation. It was necessary to keep anonymity in semen donation.(6) Informed and Consent Right: Donors needed more informed and consent rights. There should be more informed and consent rights for donors such as informing the semen destroying, the donor offspring's number and location.2. Management System of Sperm Bank Even though Zhejiang Human Sperm Bank conducted every step according to the Health Ministry's requirements, there were also some detail problems.(1) Arvhives Management: The archives of donors' family tree weren't detailed.(2) Semen Supply: There were no exclusions semen donors and recipients in the same location and the recipients using one donor's semen in the same location.(3) Medicine Ethics Committee: The choice of mass represent in Medicine EthicsCommittee in Zhejiang Human Sperm Bank was too casual. Donors could play this role.(4) Self-semen Banking: The function of self-semen banking was developed enough, there needed more emphasis.(5) Central Information System: It was hard to avoid semen donors' donation in several sperm banks. It was urgent to establish the central information system.3. Proposals for the Health Ministry's Modification on the Ethical Principles of Human Sperm Bank.
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