Study Ang The Factors And The Situation Of Elderly Diabetes In Part Counties Of Jilin Province

Diabetes mellitus (DM) defines as a metabolic disorder of multiple aetiology characterised by chronic hyperglycemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both,bring about chronic injury and function obstacle of multiple organs.Diabetes mellitus is a life-long disease which can bring a lot of complications and a heavy burden on patients, families and society. DM can decrease the quality of life, shorten the life span and increase the mortality of patients. Having DM for a long time can cause eye, nerve, heart, blood vessels, kidneys, feet complications and other chronic progressive multi-system disease. In many countries, DM has become the main reason for death and disability.WHO World Health Report shows that, DM is the 6th most common cause of death and the 3rd prior burden of disease in 1998. In 1999, The global number of deaths due to diabetes reached 777,000, accounting for 1.4% of deaths. The regions having the fastest-growing incidence is developing countries mainly concentrated in China, Indo-Chinese sub-continent and Africa, which experience the dramatic changes from the poor to the rich. Studies suggest that diabetes prevalence rate of Chinese in Singapore increase from 1.6% in 1975 to 4.0% in 1985, and up to 8.0% in 1992. The rate in Malaysia is 2.4%(1975), 7.6%(1985) and 12.8%(1992). The high incidence of DM in affluent Chinese groups such as Singapore and Malaysia foreshadowed the trend of DM in mainland China in the future.China's life style changes corresponding torapid economic development and constantly improve in people's living standard. Large epidemiological survey of DM throughout the country since 70's has made it clear. China has carried out five large epidemiological survey of DM since later 1970s respectively in 1978, 1980, 1994, 1996 and 2002, with corresponding standardized prevalence rate of 0.588%, 0.674%, 2.51%, 3.21% and 5.89%. It can be pointed out that the prevalence rate of DM has increased by nearly 10 times in 24 years. It is expected that in 2010 the rate of diabetes in China will reach 14% and China will become one of the top three countries hanving largest number of diabetic patients in the world. The metabolic diseases of diabetes has brought great harm to humanity since the 20th. How to prevent and control diabetes has become a worldwide problem. Causes of DM have not yet been fully clarified, but think with genetic and environmental factors is concerned commonly at present. Beyond the control of genetic factors in the circumstances, the role of environmental factors is all the more important.The purpose of this study is to make a preliminary understanding of the prevalence of DM among rural residents in Jilin Province and the risk factors of DM (smoking, drinking, age, weight, gender, income, occupation, ethnicity, high blood pressure, reduced physical activity and low level of education) and the relationship between DM and chronic diseases, and to understand DM on the extent of health hazards so as to provide the scientific theoretical basis for China's diabetes prevention and control measures.In this study, middle-aged and older over the age of 40 in some rural areas of Jilin Province were studied. Using cross-sectional study as the method of survey, a face-to-face questionnaire investigation was made, physical examination and lab examination were given and all the survey information was collected. Totally 934 permanent residents over the age of 40 with complete information were brought into this study in which 352 male, 582 female while 471 Han, 463 Korean-Chinese people.Results: The DM prevalence rate among rural residents in Jilin Province is 7.4%, and the standardized prevalence rate is 6.35%, standardized with the population in 2000. Men's diabetes prevalence rate is 7.39%, and women's diabetes prevalence rate is 7.39%. The DM prevalence rate increases with age. Weight, BMI, TG, LDL-C, marital status, alcohol exposure, sleep situation, history of hypertension, diabetes are all relevant factors of DM. Among them, body weight, BMI, TG, LDL-C, marital status, alcohol exposure, sleep and the history of hypertension have stronger impact on DM. FPU has relationship with all the following indicators: BMI, WHR, SBP, DBP, TG, TC, and LDL-C. Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity and other diseases can increase the prevalence rate of diabetes. The DM prevalence rate among rural residents in Jilin Province has reached a relatively high level, closely related to the local life style. The prevalence rates of related chronic diseases such as hypertension and lipid abnormality have also reached a higher level. The DM prevalence rate among rural residents in Jilin Province has reached a very high level in the elderly population, becoming an important health problem in rural areas.