| In the thesis, the chemical constituents and bioactivities about the liquid supplements of fresh American Ginseng refined with honey were studied for the first time. The liquid supplements contain eight valuable Chinese herbals, such as fresh American Ginseng, Soybean isoflavone, Lycium barbarum L., ganoderma lucidum et al. There are many activive compounds, including steroid hormone, Saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, polyacch ride, protein and inorganic elements. Ginsenoside, one of the main component of the liquid supplements, has the effects of improving study and memory ability, confronting fatigue and caducity and enhangcing the heart function; Soybean isoflavone has the function of anti-cancer and immunoenhancement; Unsaturated fatty acid can lower the level of cholesterol in blood, so the chance of hypertension, heart disease and stroke is decreased. We refined these herbals in honey in order to take advantage of every compounds and improve body immunity function. The chemical constituents of the liquid supplements of fresh American Ginseng refined with honey were investagated in detail. 30 kinds of compounds were separated and purified by column chromatography of silica gel, reversed phase silica column, semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography and recrystallization methods. 27 of them were identified according to their physico-chemical properties and spectrum analysis. They are: Dimer (5-methylol-furfural)(1), 5-methylol-furfural-5-furfural-methanol(2), n-butyl-β-D-fructofurano- side(3), glycerin-docosanate(4), 7,22-dien-3-ergosterol(5),β-Sitosterol(6),stigmasterol(7) catechol(8), Daucosterol(9),bis(5-formylfurfuryl)ether(10), 5,7,4′-trihydroxyisoflavonol-7-O-β–D-glucopyranoside(11), 7,4′-dihydroxy,6-methoxyisoflavonol-7-O-β-D–glucopyranoside(12), daidzin(13), psuedo-ginsenoside-RT5(14),psuedo–ginsenoside-F11(15), 20(S)-protopana xadiol (16), 20(S)-ginsenoside-Rg2(17), 20(S)-ginsenoside-Rg3(18), 20(R)-ginsenoside-Rg3(19), ginsenoside-Rg1(20), ginsenoside-Rd(21), ginsenoside-Re(22), ginsenoside-Rf(23), ginsen oside-Rc(24), ginsenoside-Rb2(25), ginsenoside-Rb3(26), ginsenoside-Rb1(27). Compound 1 and compound 2 are two new compounds.At the same time, the volatile oil of the liquid supplements was extracted by steam distillation and analyzed by GC-MS for the first time. There are 43 peaks in the test, and 18 of them were confirmed. The main components was Tridecane(23.03%), 2,3,5-trimethyl-heptane (15.2%) and 3,4-dimethyl-heptane(5.41%) The bioactivity tests were carried out to investigate the effects of the liquid supplements of fresh American Ginseng refined with honey on the immuneosuppressant mice and the decrepit mice at different doses. The index of spleen, index of thymus, the activity of ACP enzyme in peritoneal macrophages, SOD and MDA in blood and liver, GSH-PX and NOS in kidney were analyzied. Both the high and middle doses(5ml/kg,2.5ml/kg) of the liquid supplements could improve the immune organs such as thymus and spleen and enhance the activity of ACP enzyme in peritoneal macrophages distinctively compared with control group in the immune enhancement experiment. In anoher experiment, after taking the liquid supplements for 6 weeks, the average value of SOD in blood and liver had increased, at the same time,the value of MDA had been reduced. Besides this, the average value of GSH-PX and NOS in kidney had also increased. But all of these phenomenons only appeared in the high and middle doses groups. The results showed that the liquid supplements of fresh American Ginseng refined with honey had the effects of enhancing the immunity and anting decrepit. |
