| Objective:To explore new diagnostic indicators of early cerebral arteriosclerosis,in this study,we would observe TCD spectrum graphics, measure the peak time and the ratio of the peak time and ventricular systolic,the ratio of the peak time and the entire cardiac cycle by detecting MCA,BA and recording Vp,Vm,Vd and PI,RI,S/D through the temporal and occipital window by TCD,it would possibly provide new specific targets for clinical diagnosis on cerebral arteriosclerosis (CAS).Methods:We selected one hundred patients with the age of 35 years to 57 years in early cerebral arteriosclerosis,and excluded moderate and diffuse cerebral arteriosclerosis,diabetes,liver and kidney diseases and blood system,hyperthyroidism,and other serious primary diseases; mental patients,cerebral hemorrhage,cerebral infarction,brain tumors; brain injury;patients not penetrated by color ultrasound through the temporal pillow window and not coped with ultrasound examination.At the same time we choosed sixty-two patients as a control group with no significant symptoms of the nervous system,no abnormality of blood glucose,blood lipids,blood pressure,electrocardiogram,funduscope,no taking the drugs which were affecting blood flow velocity,no abnormality on double carotid chromatic ultrasonic(DCCU).By 2MHz pulse Doppler probe through double-temporal windows and pillow windows blood flow velocity(Vp,Vd),pulsatility index(PI),resistance index(RI),S/D of Basilar artery(BA),bilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA)were detected,BA and MCA respectively as the representative of the anterior circulation and the posterior circulation of intracranial artery.In TCD spectrum,we selected the spectrum of a single-family cardiac cycle,identified the starting point(t0),the pulse- incisure point(ti) and end point(te),the peak velocity(tp),measured the time of the spectrum starting point to the peak velocity(Tp)and calculated the time required of the peak velocity in the share of ventricular systolic(Tp/Ti),the time required of the peak velocity in the share of the whole cardiac cycle(Tp/T).Tp,Tp/Ti and Tp/T were repectively named as time to peak velocity(TPV),peak-time index-1(PTI-1)and peak-time index-2(PTI-2). All data was analyaed by SPSS13.0 statistical software.Results:1.Compared with the control group:(1)in group of diseases,IMT of carotid artery thickened significantly(p＜0.05),there was no significant difference(p＞0.05)between left and right IMT;In group of diseases there were 35 patients(35%)with atherosclerosis,a total of 59 plaques.38 plaques located in the left carotid artery,21 plaques located in the right carotid artery,10 ones in both bilateral carotid artery.Plaques were followed by the sinus of CCA(posterior＞anterior),the start of the internal carotid artery,CCA trunk,external carotid artery;(2)in group of diseases,Vm and Vd of BA significantly slowed(P＜0.01),while there were no differences between the others of blood vessels(P＞0.05);In group of diseases,PI,RI and S/D of BA and RMCA increased significantly(p＜0.05),while there was no difference in these of LMCA (P＞0.05);(3)in group of diseases,abnormal rate of TCD spectrum respectively were:74%in posterior circulation,about 60%in anterior circulation,of which S2≥S1 waves accounted for 36%;peak-time delay waves 25%;circular and blunt contraction waves 13%.(4)in group of diseases,in BA,LMCA,RMCA,TPV significantly extended,PTI-1,PTI-2 increased significantly(P＜0.01).S2≥S1 waves,peak-time delay waves,circular and blunt contraction waves were significantly increased (P＜0.01).As to S2≥S1 and peak -time delay,the latter delayed more obviously.(5)in group of diseases,there was no significant correlation between peak time index and PI,S/D(P＞0.05).2.As to the general(Enter)multiple linear regressions between PTI-2 and its influents factors as followings age,gender,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,blood sugar and cholesterol,General regression equation were:YBA=-0.046-0.077X1+0.003X2+0.001X3+0.00008X4+0.015X5+0.006X6YLMCA=-0.142+0.00008X1-0.003X2+0.001X3-0.002X4+0.017X5+0.024X6YRMCA=-0.083+0.003X1-0.002X2+0.001X3-0.002X4+0.018X5+0.022X6We found that age was the main role of variables.Sex in the basilar artery also played a role in the peak-time delay;For the middle cerebral artery,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,cholesterol reacted quickly greatest influencesConclusion:1.When cerebral Arteriosclerosis was in early stage,TPV extended, PTI-1 and PTI-1 increased as early as the change of flow,they reflected the sensitive indicators.2.Abnormal TCD spectrum graphics of blood vessels in posterior circulation were earlier than that of anterior circulation in early cerebral arteriosclerosis.3.Age,sex,blood pressure,cholesterol were main factors which effected PTI-2 in early cerebral arteriosclerosis.
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