| IntroductionIn the past few years,some researehers found that small peptides derived from the hydrolysate of food protein play an important role in regulating autonomic nervous system ,activating the cellular immunity function,ameliorating the cardiovascular function,antioxidizng and antaging,etc.Partial proteolysis is effective for improving the functional properties of protein. Minor peptides have some advantages compared to protein,such as low osmotic pressure,fast absorption,good taste and low antigenicity. In this research, we prepared soybean peptides with a low molecular weight by the best technology condition of enzymatic hydrolysis was determined.The designed technology condition was that the two kinds of enzymes was used, and studied the effect of the anti-oxidation effects and the antiaging effect of Soybean minor peptides(MW300-700Da)in old rats.Objective:Objective To study and discuss the anti-oxidation effects and the antiaging effect of Soybean minor peptides(MW300-700Da)in old rats.Method:1. Soybean minor peptides was administered to mice in treated group for 25 days by 3.0g/(kg.d),6.0g/(kg.d),9.0g/(kg.d) respectively,and the changes of the bear anoxia ability were measured.2. Twenty Wister old rats were randomly divided into 2 groups:old control group and testing old group with 10 rats in each group.Testing old group were perfused with Soybean minor peptides( 6.0g/(kg.d))for 60 days.The rats old control group were fed with water in the same volume.At the end of the 60th days. biochemical index were measured:the activities of Superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH—Px)and the concentration of malondialdehyde(MDA)in Hb,liver and brain.Result:1. Compared with control group, the bear anoxia ability of the administered mice in treated group were longer , Compared with those in the old control group.2. the activities of S0D in Hb were decreased(P <0.0 5).the activity of SOD in Liver had a increase tendency. but without any significant difference(P > 0 05).and the concentrations of MDA in Hb , liver and brain had also a increase tendency ,but without any significant difference(P > 0.05). As compared with those in control the activities of GSH—px had a increase tendency,(P <0.05).Conclusion:Anti-oxidants have been labeled as the magic bullet for a large range of diseases including various types of cancers and cardiovascular disease. Antioxidants occur naturally in our bodies, or are obtained from certain foods; their primary function is to eliminate the damaging effects of free radicals that are in our bodies. The amount of antioxidants in our bodies together with those we get through our diet are usually enough to counteract the harmful effects of these free radicals. However, in cases where the body is overwhelmed, such as during times of stress, or when we are exposed to pollutants and toxins, this may not be enough.Free radicals are organic molecules responsible for aging, tissue damage, and possibly some diseases. These molecules are very unstable, therefore they look to bond with other molecules, destroying their vigor and perpetuating the detrimental process.Some molecules are unstable. They do not have an even number of electrons, so they are always searching for an extra electron they can "steal" to become stable. Out in the world, this is a normal process, but in the body, it can result in unnecessary damage. Free radicals are "free" because they float around until they stabilize, and "radical" in the sense that there are a wide variety of molecules from which they can take an electron. However, the damage doesn't stop there, as the new molecule, say a piece of a cell wall, is now also missing an electron and has become another free radical. This snowball effect can wreak havoc on healthy tissue. Some processes brought about by free radicals are inevitable, such as aging, like destruction of DNA or clogging of arteries. Free radicals are creation by environmental pollution, cigarette smoking, and poisons like cleaners or herbicides. Their role in certain types of cancer, strokes, and heart disease is still being investigated. And more studies are needed to understand their relationship.Antioxidants, or anti-oxidation agents, reduce the effect of dangerous oxidants by binding together with these harmful molecules, decreasing their destructive power. Antioxidants can also help repair damage already sustained by cells.Certain antioxidant enzymes are produced within the body. The most commonly recognized of these naturally occurring antioxidants are Superoxide Dismutase, Catalase, and Glutathione. Superoxide Dismutase changes the structure of oxidants and breaks them down into hydrogen peroxide. Catalase in turn, breaks down hydrogen peroxide into water and tiny oxygen particles or gasses. Glutathione is a detoxifying agent, which binds with different toxins to change their form so that they are able to leave the body as waste. Other antioxidant agents are found in foods, such as soybean minor peptides.Soybean minor peptides(MW300-700Da)have the tendency in increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and decreasing lipid peroxidation.So soybean minor peptides as dietary supplements are also available for those that do not consume enough antioxidant-producing foods. But more studies on the antioxidized mechanism of soybean minor peptide(sMW300-700Da) are further needed to be done.
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