| Background and Objectives: The treatment of lymphoma, one of the most malignant hematologic tumors, relies largely on chemotherapy. Most of the medications used in clinic practice, such as Adriamycin, Cyclophosphamide,Vincristine and actinomycete D, compromise the body's immune system and hemopoietic system with low selectivity and deadly adverse effects. So it is urgent for us to explore medications with higher selectivity and less adverse effects to enhance the therapeutic effects.It is reported that matrine, one of the major effective compounds isolated from the root of Sophora flavescens Ait., has an anti-tumor activity,mainly by suppressing cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis.In order to explore if the matrine could suppress the proliferation and its possible mechanism in U937 cells, in this study, we measured the lactate dehydrogenase activity,observed the cell cycle,and morphology of U937 cells treated with matrine, compared with human umbilical vein endothelial cells.To explore if the matrine could induce apoptosis and its possible mechanism in U937 cells,we observed morphology of U937 cells and the ratio of apoptosis treated with matrine, as well as the expression of Bcl-2. Methods: 1. To explore the Mat effect on cell proliferation and cell cycle regulation in U937 cells, by using the methods of inverted microscope, trypanblau staining, MTT, measurement of lactate dehydrogenase activity and FCM.2. Morphological observation of U937 cells by light microscope, electron microscope, image analysis, including maturity of caryoplasm, karyoplasmic ratio, cell diameter, cell volume, cell organs and abnormal materials formation.3 To calculate the U937 cell apoptosis rate induced by Mat, by Annexin/PI double staining method.4.To detect the biochemical characteristics of apoptosis cells on U937cells treated with matrine by agarose gel electrophoresis.5. To detect the Bcl-2 expression of U937cells treated with matrine by RT-PCR.Results: 1.Mat concentration between 0.2 mg/ml～1.0mg/ml could suppress U937 proliferation with concentration-effect and time-effect dependence. It started to take effect from the 1st day and the effect persisted until the 5th day with a 0.4mg/ml 50%inhibition concentration. Meantime, it has no similar effect on the human umbilical vein endothelial cells.2. Compared with the human umbilical vein endothelial cells, U937 cells were arrested at the S-phase showed by FCM, with increased S-phase population, 48h after being treated with matrine (0.2 mg/ml～1.0mg/ml). 3. Morphological observation of U937 cells, treated with 0.2mg/ml, 0.4mg/ml,0.6mg/ml matrine by light microscope, electron microscope and image analysis, showed reduction of karyoplasmic ratio, chromatin margination,and presence of apoptotic body,compared with the control group.4. The U937 cells formed conspicuous DNA gradient on agarose gel electrophoresis, 72h after treated by matrine (0.2 mg/ml,0.3 mg/ml,0.4 mg/ml,0.5 mg/ml,0.6 mg/ml,0.8 mg/ml,1.0mg/ml),the corresponding apoptosis rate (3.25%,5.32%,8.17%,11.20%,16.05%,22.25%,28.58% ) indicated by AnnexinV-FITC double staining, had statistical significance compared with the control group(1.84%)and the 0.1 mg/ml matrine-treated group (1.95%).5. The Bcl-2 mRNA expression in U937 cells was decreased 72h after treated by matrine (0.2 mg/ml～1.0mg/ml)with concentration-effect dependence, showed by RT-PCR.Conclusions: 1. Matrine can suppress the U937 cells proliferation with concentration-effect and time-effect dependence.2. Matrine is cytotoxic to U937 cells with concentration-effect and time-effect dependence.3. Matrine can influence the U937 cell cycle, down-regulate the expression of Bcl-2, suppress the proliferation and induce the apoptosis.4. Matrine doesn't have similar effect on the proliferation and cell cycle of human umbilical vein endothelial cells.
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